The
Aquarian Conspiracy: Fact of Fiction?
BibleBelievers.org.au
Last Updated:
Tuesday, July 25, 2006 05:39:34 PM
Posted: May 07, 2005
There is a sizeable
portion of the otherwise reading population that refuses to look at
ANYTHING connected to Lyndon Larouche. In its most acute form, this
intellectual close-mindedness centers primarily on his lack of what some
believe is an essential positive regard for the British royalty. Perhaps
the most "outlandish" OR "true-blue" publication has been Chapter VII of
EIR, DOPE, INC. (3rd Ed. 1992). Following the chapter is a fragmentary
chronology of events. True or false. You decide for yourself.
In the spring of 1980, a book appeared called
The Aquarian Conspiracy that put
itself forward as a manifesto of the counterculture. Defining the
counterculture as the conscious embracing of irrationality -- from rock
and drugs to biofeedback, meditation, "consciousness-raising," yoga,
mountain climbing, group therapy, and psychodrama.
The Aquarian Conspiracy declares
that it is now time for the 15 million Americans involved in the
counterculture to join in bringing about a "radical change in the United
States."
Writes author Marilyn Ferguson: "While outlining a not-yet-titled
book about the emerging social alternatives, I thought again about the
peculiar form of this movement; its atypical leadership, the patient
intensity of its adherents, their unlikely successes. It suddenly struck
me that in their sharing of strategies, their linkage, and their
recognition of each other by subtle signals, the participants were not
merely cooperating with one another. They were in collusion. It -- this
movement -- is a conspiracy!"1
Ferguson used a half-truth to tell a lie. The counterculture is a
conspiracy -- but not in the half-conscious way Ferguson claim -- as she
well knows. Ferguson wrote her manifesto under the direction of Willis
Harman, social policy director of the Stanford Research Institute, as a
popular version of a May 1974 policy study on how to transform the
United States into Aldous Huxley's Brave New World. The counterculture
is a conspiracy at the top, created as a method of social control, used
to drain the United States of its commitment to scientific and
technological progress.
That conspiracy goes back to the 1930s, when the British sent Aldous
Huxley to the United States as the case officer for an operation to
prepare the United States for the mass dissemination of drugs. We will
take this conspiracy apart step-by-step from its small beginnings with
Huxley in California to the victimization of 15 million Americans today.
With 'The Aquarian Conspiracy', the British Opium War against the United
States has come out into the open.
The Model
The British had a precedent for the counterculture they imposed
upon the United States: the pagan cult ceremonies of the decadent
Egyptian and Roman Empires. The following description of cult ceremonies
dating back to the Egyptian Isis priesthood of the third millennium B.C.
could just as well be a journalistic account of a "hippy be-in" circa
A.D. 1969: "The acts or gestures that accompany the incantations
constitute the rite [of Isis). In these dances, the beating of drums and
the rhythm of music and repetitive movements were helped by
hallucinatory substances like hashish or mescal; these were consumed as
adjuvants to create the trance and the hallucinations that were taken to
he the visitation of the god. The drugs were sacred, and their knowledge
was limited to the initiated . . . Possibly because they have the
illusion of satisfied desires, and allowed the innermost feelings to
escape, these rites acquired during their execution a frenzied character
that is conspicuous in certain spells: "Retreat! Re is piercing thy
head, slashing thy face, dividing thy head, crushing it in his hands;
thy bones are shattered, thy limbs are cut to pieces!"2
The counterculture that was foisted on the 1960s adolescent youth
of America is not merely analogous to the ancient cult of Isis. It is a
literal resurrection of the cult down to the popularization of the Isis
cross (the "peace symbol") as the counterculture's most frequently used
symbol.
The
High Priesthood
The high priest for Britain's Opium War was Aldous Huxley, the
grandson of Thomas H. Huxley, a founder of the Rhodes Roundtable group
and a lifelong collaborator of Arnold Toynbee. Toynbee himself sat on
the RIIA council for nearly fifty years, headed the Research Division of
British intelligence throughout World War II, and served as wartime
briefing officer of Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Toynbee's "theory"
of history, expounded in his twenty-volume History of Western
civilization, was that its determining culture has always been the rise
and decline of grand imperial dynasties. At the very point that these
dynasties -- the "thousand year Reich" of the Egyptian pharaohs, the
Roman Empire, and the British Empire -- succeed in imposing their rule
over the entire face of the earth, they tend to decline. Toynbee argued
that this decline could be abated if the ruling oligarchy (like that of
the British Roundtable) would devote itself to the recruitment and
training of an ever-expanding priesthood dedicated to the principles of
imperial rule.3
Thomas H. Huxley and
his grandson Aldous Huxley
Trained at Toynbee's Oxford, Aldous Huxley was one of the
initiates in the "Children of the Sun," a Dionysian cult comprised of
the children of Britain's Roundtable elite.4 Among the other initiates
were T.S. Eliot, W.H. Auden, Sir Oswald Mosley, and D.H. Lawrence,
Huxley's homosexual lover. It was Huxley, furthermore, who would launch
the legal battle in the 1950s to have Lawrence's pornographic novel Lady
Chatterley's Lover allowed into the United States on the ground that it
was a misunderstood "work of art."5
Aldous Huxley, along with his brother Julian, was tutored at
Oxford by H.G. Wells, the head of British foreign
intelligence during
World War I and the spiritual grandfather of the Aquarian Conspiracy.
Ferguson accurately sees the counterculture as the realization of what
Wells called The Open Conspiracy: Blue Prints for a World
Revolution. The "Open Conspiracy," Wells wrote,
"will appear first, I believe, as a conscious organization of
intelligent and quite possibly in some cases, wealthy men, as a movement
having distinct social and political aims, confessedly ignoring most of
the existing apparatus of political control, or using it only as an
incidental implement in the stages, a mere movement of a number of
people in a certain direction who will presently discover with a sort of
surprise the common object toward which they are all moving . . . In all
sorts of ways they will be influencing and controlling the apparatus of
the ostensible government."6
What Ferguson left out is that Wells called his conspiracy a
"one-world brain" which would function as
"a police
of the mind." Such books as the Open Conspiracy were for the
priesthood itself. But Wells's popular writings
(Time Machine,
The Island of Dr. Moreau, and so forth), and those of his
proteges Aldous Huxley (Brave New World) and George
Orwell (1984 and
Animal Farm), were
written as "mass appeal" organizing documents on behalf of one-world
order. Only in the United States are these "science fiction classics"
taught in grade school as attacks against fascism.
Under Wells's tutelage, Huxley was first introduced to
Aleister
Crowley. Crowley was a product of the cultist
circle that developed in
Britain from the 1860s under the guiding influence of Edward
Bulwer-Lytton -- who, it will be recalled, was the colonial minister
under Lord Palmerston during the Second Opium War. In 1886, Crowley,
William Butler Yeats, and several other Bulwer-Lytton proteges formed
the Isis-Urania Temple of Hermetic Students of the Golden Dawn. This
Isis Cult was organized around the 1877 manuscript Isis Unveiled by
Madame Helena Blavatsky, in which the Russian occultist called for the
British aristocracy to organize itself into an Isis priesthood.7
The subversive Isis
Urania Order of the Golden Dawn is today an
international drug ring said to be controlled by the Canadian
multi-millionaire,
Maurice Strong, who is also a top operative for
British Intelligence.
In 1937, Huxley was sent to the United States, where he remained
throughout the period of World War II. Through a Los Angeles contact,
Jacob Zeitlin, Huxley and pederast
Christopher Isherwood were employed
as script writers for MGM, Warner Brothers, and Walt Disney Studios.
Hollywood was already dominated by organized crime elements bankrolled
and controlled through London. Joseph Kennedy was the frontman for a
British consortium that created RKO studios, and "Bugsy" Siegel, the
West Coast boss of the Lansky syndicate, was heavily involved in Warner
Brothers and MGM.
Huxley founded a nest of Isis cults in southern California and in
San Francisco, that consisted exclusively of several hundred deranged
worshipers of Isis and other cult gods. Isherwood, during the California
period, translated and propagated a number of ancient Zen Buddhist
documents, inspiring Zen-mystical cults along the way.8
In effect, Huxley and Isherwood (joined soon afterwards by Thomas
Mann and his daughter Elisabeth Mann Borghese) laid the foundations
during the late 1930s and the 1940s for the later LSD culture, by
recruiting a core of "initiates" into the Isis cults that Huxley's
mentors, Bulwer-Lytton,
Blavatsky, and Crowley, had constituted while
stationed in India.
LSD: 'Visitation from the Gods'
"Ironically," writes Ferguson, "the introduction of major
psychedelics like LSD, in the 1960s, was largely attributable to the
Central Intelligence Agency's investigation into the substances for
possible military use. Experiments on more than eighty college campuses,
under various CIA code names, unintentionally popularized LSD. Thousands
of graduate students served as guinea pigs. Soon they were synthesizing
their own 'acid.' "9
The CIA operation was code named
MK-Ultra, its result was not
unintentional, and it began in 1952, the year Aldous Huxley returned to
the United States.
Lysergic acid diethylamide, or LSD, was developed in 1943 by
Albert Hoffman, a chemist at Sandoz A.B. -- a Swiss pharmaceutical house
owned by S.G. Warburg. While precise documentation is unavailable as to
the auspices under which the LSD research was commissioned, it can be
safely assumed that British intelligence and its subsidiary U.S. Office
of Strategic Services were directly involved. Allen Dulles, the director
of the CIA when that agency began MK-Ultra, was the OSS station chief in
Berne, Switzerland throughout the early Sandoz research. One of his OSS
assistants was James Warburg, of the same Warburg family, who was
instrumental in the 1963 founding of the Institute for Policy Studies,
and worked with both Huxley and Robert Hutchins."10
Aldous Huxley returned to the United States from Britain,
accompanied by Dr. Humphrey Osmond, the Huxleys' private physician.
Osmond had been part of a discussion group Huxley had organized at the
National Hospital, Queens Square, London. Along with another seminar
participant, J.R. Smythies, Osmond wrote Schizophrenia: A New
Approach, in which he asserted that mescaline -- a derivative of
the mescal cactus used in ancient Egyptian and Indian pagan rites --
produced a psychotic state identical in all clinical respects to
schizophrenia. On this basis, Osmond and Smythies advocated
experimentation with hallucinogenic drugs as a means of developing a
"cure" for mental disorders.
Osmond was brought in by Allen Dulles to play a prominent role in
MK-Ultra. At the same time, Osmond, Huxley, and the University of
Chicago's Robert Hutchins held a series of secret planning sessions in
1952 and 1953 for a second, private LSD mescaline project under Ford
Foundation funding.11 Hutchins, it will be recalled, was the program
director of the Ford Foundation during this period. His LSD proposal
incited such rage in Henry Ford II that Hutchins was fired from the
foundation the following year.
It was also in 1953 that Osmund gave Huxley a supply of mescaline
for his personal consumption. The next year, Huxley wrote
The
Doors of Perception, the first manifesto of the psychedelic drug
cult, which claimed that hallucinogenic drugs "expand consciousness."
Although the Ford Foundation rejected the Hutchins-Huxley proposal for
private foundation sponsorship of LSD, the proposal was not dropped.
Beginning in 1962, the Rand Corporation of Santa Monica, California
began a four-year experiment in LSD, peyote, and marijuana. The Rand
Corporation was established simultaneously with the reorganization of
the Ford Foundation during 1949. Rand was an outgrowth of the wartime
Strategic Bombing Survey, a "cost analysis" study of the psychological
effects of the bombings of German population centers.
According to a 1962 Rand Abstract, W.H. McGlothlin conducted a
preparatory study on "The Long-Lasting Effects of LSD on Certain
Attitudes in Normals: An Experimental Proposal." The following
year, McGlothlin conducted a year-long experiment on thirty human guinea
pigs, called "Short-Term Effects of LSD on Anxiety, Attitudes
and Performance." The study concluded that LSD improved
emotional attitudes and resolved anxiety problems.12
Huxley At Work
Huxley expanded his own LSD-mescaline project in
California by recruiting several individuals who had been initially
drawn into the cult circles he helped establish during his earlier stay.
The two most prominent individuals were Alan Watts and the late Dr.
Gregory Bateson (the former husband of Dame Margaret Mead). Watts became
a self-styled "guru" of a nationwide Zen Buddhist cult built around his
well-publicized books. Bateson, an anthropologist with the OSS, became
the director of a hallucinogenic drug experimental clinic at the Palo
Alto Veterans Administration Hospital. Under Bateson's auspices, the
initiating "cadre" of the LSD cult -- the hippies -- were programmed.13
Watts at the same time founded the Pacifica Foundation, which
sponsored two radio station WKBW in San Francisco and WBM-FM in New York
City. The Pacifica stations were among the first to push the "Liverpool
Sound" -- the British-imported hard rock twanging of the Rolling Stones,
the Beatles, and the Animals. They would later pioneer "acid rock" and
eventually the self-avowed psychotic "punk rock."
During the fall of 1960, Huxley was appointed visiting professor
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. Around his stay
in that city, Huxley created a circle at Harvard parallel to his West
Coast LSD team. The Harvard group included Huxley, Osmund, and Watts
(brought in from California), Timothy Leary, and Richard Alpert.
The ostensible topic of the Harvard seminar was
"Religion
and its Significance in the Modern Age." The seminar was
actually a planning session for the "acid rock" counterculture. Huxley
established contact during this Harvard period with the president of
Sandoz, which at the time was working on a CIA contract to produce large
quantities of LSD and psilocybin (another synthetic hallucinogenic drug)
for MK-Ultra, the CIA's official chemical warfare experiment. According
to recently released CIA documents, Allen Dulles purchased over 100
million doses of LSD -- almost all of which flooded the streets of the
United States during the late 1960s. During the same period, Leary began
privately purchasing large quantities of LSD from Sandoz as well.14
From the discussions of the Harvard seminar, Leary put together
the book The Psychedelic Experience, based on the
ancient cultist Tibetan Book of the Dead. It was this
book that popularized Osmund's previously coined term, "psychedelic
mind-expanding."
The Roots of the Flower People
Back in California, Gregory Bateson had maintained the Huxley
operation out of the Palo Alto VA hospital. Through "SD experimentation
on patients already hospitalized for psychological problems, Bateson
established a core of "initiates" into the "psychedelic"
Isis Cult.
Foremost among his Palo Alto recruits was Ken Kesey. In 1959,
Bateson administered the first dose of "SD to
Kesey. By 1962, Kesey had
completed a novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest,
which popularized the notion that society is a prison and the only truly
"free" people are the insane.15
Kesey subsequently organized a circle of "SD initiates called
"The Merry Pranksters." They toured the country
disseminating SD" (often without forewarning the receiving parties),
building up local distribution connections, and establishing the pretext
for a high volume of publicity on behalf of the still minuscule
"counterculture."
By 1967, the Kesey cult had handed out such quantities of "SD that
a sizable drug population had emerged, centered in the Haight-Ashbury
district of San Francisco. Here Huxley collaborator Bateson set up a
"free clinic," staffed by **Dr. David Smith -- later a "medical adviser"
for the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML);
**Dr. Ernest Dernberg an active-duty military officer, probably on
assignment through MK-UItra; **Roger Smith-a street gang organizer
trained by Saul Alinsky. During the Free Clinic period, Roger Smith was
the parole officer of the cultist mass murderer Charles Manson; **Dr.
Peter Bourne -- formerly President Carter's special assistant on drug
abuse. Bourne did his psychiatric residency at the Clinic. He had
previously conducted a profiling study of GI heroin addicts in Vietnam.
The Free Clinic paralleled a project at the
Tavistock Institute,
the psychological warfare agency for the British Secret Intelligence
Service. Tavistock, founded as a clinic in London in the 1920s, had
become the Psychiatric Division of the British Army during World War II
under its director, Dr. John Rawlings Rees.16
During the 1960s, the Tavistock Clinic fostered the notion that no
criteria for sanity exist and that psychedelic
"mind-expanding" drugs
are valuable tools of psychoanalysis. In 1967, Tavistock sponsored a
Conference on the "Dialectics of Liberation," chaired by
Tavistock psychoanalyst Dr. R.D. Laing, himself a popularized author and
advocate of drug use. That conference drew a number of people who would
soon play a prominent role in fostering terrorism; Angela Davis and
Stokely Carmichael were two prominent American delegates.
Thus, by 1963, Huxley had recruited his core of "initiates." All
of them -- Leary, Osmund, Watts, Kesey, Alpert -- became the highly
publicized promoters of the early LSD counterculture. By 1967, with the
cult of "Flower People" in Haight-Ashbury and the emergence of the
antiwar movement, the United States was ready for the inundation of LSD,
hashish and marijuana that hit American college campuses in the late
1960s.
'The Beating of Drums . . .'
In 1963, the Beatles arrived in the United States, and with their
decisive airing on the Ed Sullivan Show, the "British sound" took off in
the U.S.A. For their achievement, the four rocksters were awarded the
Order of the British Empire by Her Majesty the Queen. The Beatles and
the Animals, Rolling Stones, and homicidal punk rock maniacs who
followed were, of course, no more a spontaneous outpouring of alienated
youth than was the acid culture they accompanied.
The social theory of rock was elaborated by musicologist
Theodor
Adorno, who came to the United States in
1939 to head the Princeton
University Radio Research Project.17 Adorno writes:
"In an
imaginary but psychologically emotion-laden domain, the listener who
remembers a hit song will turn into the song's ideal subject, into the
person for whom the song ideally speaks. At the same time, as one of
many who identify with that fictitious subject, that musical I, he will
feel his isolation ease as he himself feels integrated into the
community of "fans." In whistling such a song he bows to a ritual of
socialization, although beyond this unarticulated subjective stirring of
the moment his isolation continues unchanged . . . The comparison with
addiction is inescapable. Addicted conduct generally has a social
component: it is one possible reaction to the atomization which, as
sociologists have noticed, parallels the compression of the social
network. Addiction to music on the part of a number of entertainment
listeners would be a similar phenomenon."18
The hit parade is organized precisely on the same principles used
by Egypt's Isis priesthood and for the same purpose: the recruitment of
youth to the dionysiac counterculture.
In a report prepared for the University of Michigan's Institute
for Social Research, Paul Hirsch described the product of Adorno's Radio
Research Project.19 According to Hirsch, the establishment of postwar
radio's Hit Parade "transformed the mass medium into an agency
of sub-cultural programming. Radio networks were converted into
round-the-clock recycling machines that repeated the top forty hits."
Hirsch documents how all popular culture -- movies, music, books, and
fashion -- is now run on the same program of preselection. Today's mass
culture operates like the opium trade: The supply determines the demand.
The
Vietnam War and the Anti-Vietnam War Trap
But without the Vietnam War and the "anti-war" movement, the Isis
cult would have been contained to a fringe phenomenon -- no bigger than
the beatnik cult of the 1950s that was an outgrowth of the early Huxley
ventures in California. The Vietnam War created the climate of moral
despair that opened America's youth to drugs.
Under Kennedy, American military involvement in Vietnam -- which
had been vetoed by the Eisenhower administration -- was initiated on a
limited scale. Under Lyndon Johnson, American military presence in
Vietnam was massively escalated, at the same time that U.S. efforts were
restricted -- the framework of "limited war." Playing on the President's
profile, the anglophile Eastern Establishment, typified by top White
House national security aide McGeorge Bundy and Defense Secretary Robert
McNamara, convinced President Johnson that under the nuclear "balance of
terror," or the regime of Mutual and Assured Destruction, the United
States could afford neither a political solution to the conflict, nor
the commitment to a military victory.
The outcome of this debacle was a major strategic withdrawal from
Asia by the United States, spelled out in Henry Kissinger's
"Guam Doctrine," adoption of the spectacular failure known as
the "China Card" strategy for containing Soviet
influence, and demoralization of the American people over the war to the
point that the sense of national pride and confidence in the future
progress of the republic was badly damaged.
Just as Aldous Huxley began the counterculture subversion of the
United States thirty years before its consequences became evident to the
public, Lord Bertrand Russell began laying the foundations for the
anti-war movement of the 1960s before the 1930s expired. Russell's
"pacifism" was always relative -- the means to his most
cherished end, one-world government on the imperial model, that would
curb the nation-state and its persistent tendency toward republicanism
and technological progress.
Lord Russell and Aldous Huxley cofounded the Peace Pledge Union in
1937 campaigning for peace with Hitler-just before both went to the
United States for the duration of World War.20 During World War II, Lord
Russell opposed British and American warfare against the Nazis. 1111947,
when the United States was in possession of the atomic bomb and Russia
was not, Russell loudly advocated that the United States order the
Soviets to surrender to a one-world government that would enjoy a
restrictive monopoly on nuclear weapons, under the threat of a
preemptive World War III against the Soviet Union. His 1950s "Ban the
Bomb" movement was directed to the same end-it functioned as an
anti-technology movement against the peace-through-economic development
potentials represented by President Eisenhower's "Atoms for Peace"'
initiative.
From the mid-1950s onward, Russell's principal assignment was to
build an international anti-war and anti-American movement. Coincident
with the escalation of U.S. involvement in Vietnam under British
manipulation, Russell upgraded the old Peace Pledge Union (which had
been used in West Germany throughout the postwar period to promote an
anti-capitalist "New left" wing of the Social Democratic Party,
recruiting several future members of the Baader-Meinhof terrorist gang
in the process) into the Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation.
In the United States, the New York banks provided several hundred
thousand dollars to establish the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS),
effectively the U.S. branch of the Russell Peace Foundation. Among the
founding trustees of the IPS was James Warburg, directly representing
the family's interests.
IPS drew its most active operatives from a variety of
British-dominated institutions. IPS founding director Marcus Raskin was
a member of the Kennedy administration's National Security Council and
also a fellow of the National Training Labs, a U.S. subsidiary of the
Tavistock Institute founded by Dr. Kurt Lewin.
After its creation by the League for Industrial Democracy,
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), the umbrella of the student
anti-war movement, was in turn financed and run through IPS -- up
through and beyond its splintering into a number of terrorist and Maoist
gangs in the late 1960s.21 More broadly, the institutions and outlook of
the U.S. anti-war movement were dominated by the direct political
descendants of the British-dominated "socialist movement" in the U.S.A.,
fostered by the House of Morgan as far back as the years before World
War!.
This is not to say that the majority of anti-war protesters were
paid, certified British agents. On the contrary, the overwhelming
majority of anti-war protesters went into SDS on the basis of outrage at
the developments in Vietnam. But once caught in the environment defined
by Russell and the Tavistock Institute's psychological warfare experts,
and inundated with the message that hedonistic pleasure-seeking was a
legitimate alternative to "immoral war," their sense of values and their
creative potential went up in a cloud of hashish smoke.
'Changing Images'
Now, fifteen years later, with nearly an entire generation of
American youth submerged in the drugs that flooded the nation's
campuses, the Aquarian Conspiracy's Marilyn Ferguson is
able to write: "There are legions of [Aquarian] conspirators.
They are in corporations, universities, and hospitals, on the faculties
of public schools, in factories and doctors' offices, in state and
federal agencies, on city councils, and the White House staff, in state
legislatures, in volunteer organizations, in virtually all arenas of
policy making in the country."22
Like the British inundation of China with drugs in the nineteenth
century, the British counterculture has succeeded in. subverting the
fabric of the nation, even up to the top-most levels of government.
In 1962, Huxley helped found the Esalen Institute in Big Sur,
California, which became a mecca for hundreds of Americans to engage in
weekends of T-Groups and Training Groups modeled on behavior group
therapy, for Zen, Hindu, and Buddhist transcendental meditation, and
"out of body" experiences through simulated and actual hallucinogenic
drugs.23
As described in the Esalen Institute Newsletter:
"Esalen
started in the fall of 1962 as a forum to bring together a wide variety
of approaches to enhancement of the human potential . . . including
experiential sessions involving encounter groups, sensory awakening,
gestalt awareness training, related disciplines. Our latest step is to
fan out into the community at large, running programs in cooperation
with many different institutions, churches, schools, hospitals, and
government."24
Esalen's nominal founders were two transcendental meditation
students, Michael Murphy and Richard Price, both graduates of Stanford
University. Price also participated in the experiments on patients at
Bateson's Palo Alto Veterans Hospital. Today Esalen's catalogue offers:
T-Groups; Psychodrama Marthon; Fight Training for Lovers and Couples;
Religious Cults; LSD Experiences and the Great Religions of the World;
Are You Sound, a weekend workshop with Alan Watts; Creating New Forms of
Worship; Hallucinogenic Psychosis; and Non-Drug Approaches to
Psychedelic Experiences.
Several tens of thousands of Americans have passed through Esalen;
millions have passed through the programs it has sired throughout the
country.
The next leap in Britain's Aquarian Conspiracy against the United
States was the May 1974 report that provided the basis for Ferguson's
work. The report is entitled "Changing Images of Man,"
Contract Number URH (489~215O, Policy Research Report No. 414.74,
prepared by the Stanford Research Institute Center for the Study of
Social Policy, Willis Harman, director. The 319-page mimeographed report
was prepared by a team of fourteen researchers and supervised by a panel
of twenty-three controllers, including anthropologist Margaret Mead,
psychologist B.F. Skinner, Ervin Laszlo of the United Nations, Sir
Geoffrey Vickers of British intelligence.
The aim of the study, the authors state, is to change the image of
mankind from that of industrial progress to one of
"spiritualism." The study asserts that in our present society,
the "image of industrial and technological man" is
obsolete and must be "discarded": "Many of our present images
appear to have become dangerously obsolete, however . . . Science,
technology, and economics have made possible really significant strides
toward achieving such basic human goals as physical safety and security,
material comfort and better health. But many of these successes have
brought with them problems of being too successful -- problems that
themselves seem insoluble within the set of societal value-premises that
led to their emergence . . . Our highly developed system of technology
leads to higher vulnerability and breakdowns. Indeed the range and
interconnected impact of societal problems that are now emerging pose a
serious threat to our civilization . . . If our predictions of the
future prove correct, we can expect the association problems of the
trend to become more serious, more universal and to occur more rapidly."
Therefore, SRI concludes, we must change the
industrial-technological image of man fast:
"Analysis of the
nature of contemporary societal problems leads to the conclusion that .
. . the images of man that dominated the last two centuries will be
inadequate for the post-industrial era."
Since the writing of the Harman report, one President of the
United States, Jimmy Carter, reported sighting UFOs his National
Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski made speeches proclaiming the
advent of the New Age, the Joint Chiefs of Staff every morning read
so-called intelligence reports on the biorhythms and horoscopes of the
members of the Soviet Politburo. The House of Representatives
established a new congressional committee, called the Congressional
Clearinghouse on the Future, where the likes of Ferguson have come to
lecture up to a hundred congressmen.25
What began as Britain's creation of the counterculture to open the
market for its dope has come a long way.
The
LSD Connection
Who provided the drugs that swamped the anti-war movement and the
college campuses of the United States in the late 1960s? The organized
crime infrastructure which had set up the Peking Connection for the
opium trade in 1928 -- provided the same services in the 1960s and 1970s
it had provided during Prohibition. This was also the same network
Huxley had established contact with in Hollywood during the 1930s. The
LSD connection begins with one William "Billy" Mellon Hitchcock.
Hitchcock was a graduate of the University of Vienna and a scion of the
millionaire Mellon banking family of Pittsburgh. (Andrew Mellon of the
same family had been the U.S. Treasury Secretary throughout
Prohibition.) In 1963, when Timothy Leary was thrown out of Harvard,
Hitchcock rented a fifty-five-room mansion in Millbrook, New York, where
the entire Leary-Huxley circle of initiates was housed until its later
move back to California.26
Hitchcock was also a broker for the Lansky syndicate and for the
Fiduciary Trust Co., Nassau, Grand Bahamas --- a wholly owned subsidiary
of Investors Overseas Services. He was formally employed by Delafield
and Delafield Investments, where he worked on buying and selling vast
quantities of stock in the Mary Carter Paint Co., soon to become Resorts
International.
In 1967, Dr. Richard Alpert put Hitchcock in contact with Augustus
Owsley Stanley III. As Owsley's agent, Hitchcock retained the law firm
of Babinowitz, Boudin and Standard 27 -- to conduct a feasibility study
of several Caribbean countries to determine the best location for the
production and distribution of LSD and hashish.
During this period, Hitchcock joined Leary and his circle in
California. Leary had established an LSD cult called the
Brotherhood of
Eternal Love and several front companies, including Mystics Art World,
Inc. of Laguna Beach, California. These California-based entities ran
lucrative trafficking in Mexican marijuana and LSD brought in from
Switzerland and Britain. The British connection had been established
directly by Hitchcock, who contracted the Charles Bruce chemical firm to
import large quantities of the chemical components of LSD with financing
from both Hitchcock and George Grant Hoag, the heir to the J.C. Penney
dry goods fortune, the Brotherhood of Eternal Love set up LSD and
hashish production-marketing operations in Costa Rica in 1968. 28
Toward the end of 1968, Hitchcock expanded the LSD-hashish
production operations in the Caribbean with funds provided by the
Fiduciary Trust Co. (IOS). In conjunction with J. Vontobel and Co. of
Zurich, Hitchcock founded a corporation called 4-Star Anstalt in
Liechtenstein. This company, employing "investment funds" (that is, drug
receipts) from Fiduciary Trust, bought up large tracts of land in the
Grand Bahamas as well as large quantities of ergotamine tartrate, the
basic chemical used in the production of LSD.29
Hitchcock's personal hand in the LSD connection abruptly ended
several years later. Hitchcock had been working closely with Johann F.
Parravacini of the Parravacini Bank Ltd in Berne, Switzerland. From
1968, they had together funded even further expansion of the
Caribbean-California LSD-hashish ventures. In the early 1970s, as the
result of a Securities and Exchange Commission investigation, both
Hitchcock and Parravacini were indicted and convicted of a $40 million
stock fraud. Parravacini had registered a $40 million sale to Hitchcock
for which Hitchcock had not put down a penny of cash or collateral. This
was one of the rare instances in which federal investigators succeeded
in getting inside the $200 billion drug fund as it was making its way
around the "offshore" banking system.
Another channel for laundering dirty drug money -- a channel yet
to be compromised by federal investigative agencies is important to note
here. This is the use of tax-exempt foundations to finance terrorism and
environmentalism. One immediately relevant case makes the point.
In 1957, the University of Chicago's Robert M. Hutchins
established the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions (CSDI)
in Santa Barbara, California. Knight Commander Hutchins drew in Aldous
Huxley, Elisabeth Mann Borghese, and some Rhodes Scholars who had
originally been brought into the University of Chicago during the 1930s
and 1940s.
The CSDI was originally funded 1957 to 1961 through a
several-million-dollar fund that Hutchins managed to set up before his
untimely departure from the Ford Foundation. From 1961 onward, the
Center was principally financed by organized crime. The two funding
conduits were the Fund of Funds, a tax exempt front for Bernie
Cornfeld's lOS, and the Parvin Foundation, a parallel front for
Parvin-Dohnnan Co. of Nevada. IOS and Marvin-Doorman held controlling
interests in the Desert Inn, the Aladdin, and the Dune -- all Las Vegas
casinos associated with the Lansky syndicate. IOS, as already
documented, was a conducting vehicle for LSD, hashish, and marijuana
distribution throughout the 1960s.30 In 1967 alone, IOS channeled
between $3 and $4 million to the center. Wherever there is dope, there
is Dope, Inc.
REFERENCES:
Marilyn Ferguson, The Aquarian Conspiracy (Los Angeles: J.P.
Archer, 1980), p.19.
Paul Ghalioungui, The House of Life: Magic and Medica'
Science in Ancient Egypt (New York: Schram Enterprises, 1974).
Arnold Toynbee, A Study of History (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1935).
Martin Green, Children of the Sun: A Narrative of Decadence
in England after 1918 (New York: Basic Books, 1976).
See Ronald William Clark, The Huxleys (New York: McGraw-Hill,
1968).
H.G. Wells, Anticipations of the Reaction of Mechanical and
Scientific Progress Upon Human Life and Thought (New York: Harper
and Row, 1902), p.285.
Helena P. Blavatsky, Isis Unveiled, A Master Key to the
Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science and Theology (Los Angeles:
Theosophy Co., 1931).
Francis King, Sexuality, Magic and Perversion (New York:
Citadel, 1974), p.118.
Ferguson, Aquarian Conspiracy, p. 126n.
Institute for Policy Studies, "The First Ten Years,
1963-1973," Washington, D.C., 1974.
Humphrey Osmund, Understanding Understanding (New York:
Harper and Row, 1974).
Rand Corporation Catalogue of Documents.
Gregory Bateson, Steps to the Ecology of the Mind (New York:
Chandler, 1972).
Ralph Metzner, The Ecstatic Adventure (New York: Macmillan,
1968).
See Clark, The Huxleys.
Michael Minnicino, "Low Intensity Operations: The Reesian
Theory of War," The Campaigner (April 1974).
Theodor Adorno was a leading professor of the Frankfurt
School of Social Research in Germany, founded by the British Fabian
Society. A collaborator of twelve-tone formalist and British
intelligence operative Arnold Schoenberg, Adorno was brought to the
United States in 1939 to head the Princeton Radio Research Project.
The aim of this project, as stated in Adorno's Introduction to the
Sociology of Music, was to program a mass "musical" culture that
would steadily degrade its consumers. Punk rock is, in the most
direct sense, the ultimate result of Adorno's work.
Theodor Adorno, Introduction to the Sociology of Music (New
York: Seabury Press, 1976).
Paul Hirsch, "The Structure of the Popular Music Industry;
The Filtering Process by which Records are Preselected for Public
Consumption," Institute for Social Research's Survey Research Center
Monograph, 1969.
Ronald Clark, The Life of Bertrand Russell (New York: Alfred
Knopf, 1976), p.457.
Illinois Crime Commission Report, 1969. The Institute for
Policy Studies (IPS) was established in 1963 by Marcus Raskin, a
former National Security Adviser under NSC Director McGeorge Bundy,
and by Richard Barnet, a former State Department adviser on arms
control and disarmament. Among the board of trustees of IPS were
Thurmond Arnold, James Warburg, Philip Stern, and Hans Morgenthau,
with seed money from the Ford Foundation (later to be headed by
McGeorge Bundy). IPS has functioned as the "New left" think tank and
control center for local community control, community health
centers, and direct terrorist organizations. In its report "The
First Ten Years," the Institute lists among its lecturers and
fellows, members of the Weathermen group, and known associates of
the Japanese Red Army, the Puerto Rican terrorist Armed Forces of
National Liberation (FALN), and the Black Liberation Army. See also
Carter and the Party of international Terrorism, Special Report by
the U.S. Labor Party, August, 1976.
Ferguson, Aquarian Conspiracy, p.24.
Criton Zoakos et al., Stamp Out the Aquarian Conspiracy,
Citizens for LaRouche monograph, New York, 1980, pp. 60-63.
Ibid.
Ibid., pp. 10-12.
Mary Jo Warth, "The Story of Acid Profiteers," Village Voice,
August 22, 1974.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Hutchinson, Vesco.
FRAGMENTARY AQUARIAN CHRONOLOGY
In the 1820s De Quincy confessed to the high incidence of opium
eating among the English aristocrats and artists of his day. Among
habitual users of Laudanum and morphine have been included Coleridge,
Dickens, Carlyle, Rossetti, Elizabeth Barrett Browning and the poet
Laureate Tennyson. Britain's Foreign Minister, Lord John Russell and
Anthony Ashley Cooper (Earl of Shaftesbury)
"guided the
political training of ex-American George Peabody, founder of the Morgan
financial empire." In 1857 Morgan and Peabody were saved by an
emergency line of credit (800,000 pounds) furnished by the Bank of
England with Barings a guarantor of the loan. Peabody later become
friends with the "top racial ideologues in British science,
Thomas Huxley and Charles Darwin."
The American Museum of Natural History, of which the main
functions are education, research, exhibition, and publication, was
founded in 1869 by a group of wealthy men, among whom was the elder J.
P. Morgan. Inspired by the urging of a young naturalist, Albert Smith
Bickmore, and by the theories of Darwin and Huxley which had suddenly
given a new interpretation to the origin of life, the group resolved to
found a museum that would be the "means of teaching our youth to
appreciate the wonderful works of the Creator."
The British biologist Julian Sorell Huxley (1887-1975),
contributed to knowledge in embryology, systematics, genetics, ethology,
and evolutionary studies. He studied the development of many organisms,
writing, with Sir Gavin De Beer, Elements of Experimental
Embryology (1934). Huxley presented many of his ideas of
evolutionary mechanisms in Evolution: The Modern Synthesis
(1942). In 1946 he was appointed the first director general of the
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO). In 1948 Sir Julian Huxley, called for a radical eugenic policy
in UNESCO: "Thus, even though it is quite true that any radical
eugenic policy of controlled human breeding will be for many years
politically and psychologically impossible, it will be important for
UNESCO to see that the eugenic problem is examined with the greatest
care and that the public mind is informed of the issues at stake that
much that is now unthinkable may at least become thinkable." The
fact that emergence of an organized youth-counterculture around
"post-industrial" utopianism reflected the emergence of the
forementioned types of psycho-social conditioning, should not be read as
evidence that the emergence of the movement itself was in any sense
"spontaneous," or
"natural." Very little in
modern history has been less natural, indeed more unnatural, than the
self-styled nature cult which has grown up,
"on behalf of the
environment," around the 1961 initiatives of Prince Philip's and
Prince Bernhard's reactionary World Wildlife Fund. The members of the
new youth-counterculture were virtually campus-laboratory guinea-pigs,
whose behavior was induced and directed, from the top-down, from the
outset.
The environment preparing this operation was established as early
as the 1920s, under British Brigadier Dr. John Rawlings Rees of the
London Tavistock Clinic. The entire operation was dominated by
relatively highly refined methods of mass-brainwashing, assisted by such
networks as the Lewin centers at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and Ann Arbor, Michigan, and the network of Freudian and
kindred brainwashing networks, such as "MK-Ultra," spun out from under
the direction of Julian Huxley at the UNO and the London Tavistock
Clinic. His humanistic beliefs were set forth in the classic
Religion Without Revelation (1957). "I use the word
'Humanist' to mean someone who believes that man . . . his body, his
mind, and his soul were not supernaturally created but are all products
of evolution," Julian Huxley once said. In 1957 Julian Huxley
wrote: "And the relation to practical existence may be one of
escape, as in asceticism or pure Buddhism; or of full participation, as
in classical Greece or the city-states of ancient Mesopotamia; or of
rendering unto Caesar the things that are Caesars's, as in usual
Christian practice." The IUCN has lately produced the UN's
Global Biodiversity Assessment, which suggests that the human population
should be reduced to one billion. From the very beginning key UN figures
such as Brock Chisholm, Julian Huxley and Paul G. Hoffman
"were
promoting anti-natalist policies." The United Nations is a
specific example of Humanism at work. The first Director General of
UNESCO, the UN organization promoting education, science, and culture,
was the 1962 Humanist of the Year Julian Huxley, who practically drafted
UNESCO'S charter by himself. The first Director-General of the World
Health Organization (WHO) was the 1959 Humanist of the Year Brock
Chisholm. One of this organization's greatest accomplishments has been
the wiping of smallpox from the face of the earth. And the first
Director-General of the Food and Agricultural Organization was British
Humanist John Boyd Orr. The poppy seed from which it is derived was long
known to the Moguls of India, who used the seeds mixed in tea offered to
a difficult opponent. It is also used as a pain-killing drug which
largely replaced chloroform and other older anesthetics of a bygone era.
Opium was popular in all of the fashionable clubs of Victorian London
and it was no secret that men like the Huxley brothers used it
extensively. Members of the Orphic-Dionysus cults of Hellenic Greece and
the Osiris-Horus cults of Ptolemaic Egypt which Victorian society
embraced, all smoked opium; it was the "in" thing to do.
Entering the University of Vermont (which was located in
Burlington) at the early age of fifteen, Dewey still evinced no special
talent, until in his senior year he led his class and won the highest
marks on record in philosophy. This transformation in Dewey's scholastic
record was occasioned by his accidental perusal of a physiology textbook
written by Thomas Henry Huxley, the foremost supporter in England of
Darwin's theory of evolution. Awakened to the excitement of the effort
to understand the world, and beginning to doubt his early moralistic
beliefs, Dewey delved into philosophy for an answer to the conflict
between revealed dogma and the findings of science. This was the
beginning of Dewey's lifelong task of reconciling these two poles.
In 1890 Fabian Havelock Ellis saw the leadership of women as a
source of renewal.
Aldous Leonard Huxley was born on July 26, 1894 in Surrey,
England. He was "the beloved son of English intellectual
aristocrats." His father Leonard was an editor and minor poet.
His mother was the former Julia Arnold. A granduncle, Matthew Arnold
(1822-1888) was a celebrated poet and critic.
Aldous's Round Table father,
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), was
a Victorian scientist, essayist, defender of Darwin (evolutionist) and
an agnostic. T.H. Huxley, on the eve of the publication of Darwin's The
Origin of Species, promised to support Darwin's thesis. However, he
warned that he had burdened his argument unnecessarily. He was so
vociferous in his defense that he earned the nickname
"Darwin's
Bulldog." He once said: "It is the customary fate of new
truths to begin as heresies and to end as superstitions."
Huxley's Man's Place in Nature (1863) embroiled him in
further controversy; it espoused the idea that the closest relatives of
humans are the anthropoid apes. Having studied under Professor Thomas H.
Huxley, H. G. Wells went on to teach school in North Wales. Huxley
described his Church of Humanity as
"Catholicism
minus Christianity". To Huxley the only good Church was a dead
Church. Huxley adopted David Hume's philosophy. He professed belief in
God and cut the ground from under every argument for his existence. Sir
Leslie Stephen in the Dictionary of National Biography pronounced him
"the acutest thinker in Great Britain in the 18th Century"
and exposed the clerical libels about his last hours. Huxley was not
only one of the most decorated men of science of his time, but all his
life an outspoken agnostic (a term which he himself coined to avoid the
harshness of atheist). Pious folk spread a myth about conversion late in
life but his son Leonard shows in his biography of his father that all
this is nonsense. A few months before he died he said to his son:
"The most remarkable achievement of the Jew was to impose on Europe
for 18 centuries his own superstitions."
Patrick Geddes (1854- ) held summer meeting at the Edinburgh
school, utilizing the Outlook Tower to preach his three S's; 1) sympathy
for people and the environment, 2) synthesis of all factors relating to
a case, and 3) synergy -- the combined cooperative action of everyone
involved (Boardman 15). As Meller wrote, "Geddes felt that he
had formed a new philosophy of education which incorporated the many
methods he had learned from Le Play, Comte, Huxley, and others during
his endeavors into biology civics, and geography."
In 1898 Havelock Ellis reported to the Smithsonian Institution:
"If it ever should chance that the consumption of mescal becomes
a habit, the favorite poet of the mescal drinker will certainly be
Wordsworth. Not only the general attitude of Wordsworth, but many of his
most memorable poems and phrases cannot -- one is almost tempted to say
-- be appreciated in their full significance by one who has never been
under the influence of mescal. On these grounds it may be claimed that
the artificial paradise of mescal, though less seductive, is safe and
dignified beyond its peers." At the turn of the century, both
William James and Havelock Ellis undertook their study of hallucinogenic
agents. James used nitrous oxide (apparently to avoid bad stomach
cramps) while Ellis used the newly discovered peyote.
In 1902 William James of Harvard
"redefined religion"
as an "experience rather than a dogma."
The Bakers were prominent in supporting eugenics and
utopian-feudalist social engineering. Captain James A. Baker, so the
story goes, the grandfather of the current boss of Foggy Bottom, solved
the murder of his client William Marsh Rice and took control of Rice's
huge estate. Baker used the money to start Rice University and became
the chairman of the school's board of trustees. Baker sought to create a
center for diffusion of racist eugenics, and for this purpose brought in
Julian Huxley of the infamous British oligarchical family to found the
biology program at Rice starting in 1912. Huxley was the vice president
of the British Eugenics Society and actually helped to organize
"race science" programs for the Nazi Interior Ministry, before
becoming the founding director general of UNESCO in 1946-48. James A.
Baker III (CFR) was born April 28, 1930, in the fourth generation of his
family's wealth. Baker holdings have included Exxon, Mobil, Atlantic
Richfield, Standard Oil of California, Standard Oil of Indiana, Kerr-mcgee,
Merck and Freeport Minerals. Baker also held stock in some large New
York Banks during the time that he was negotiating the Latin American
debt crisis in his capacity as secretary of the treasury. Secretary
Baker's family wealth and power came from their representing Harriman,
the international oil companies and George Bush's Zapata Petroleum, all
sponsors of the population control, or ban-dark-babies movement. This
movement is synonymous with the Scottish Rite.
Aldous Huxley's mother died when he was 14. Three years later an
eye infection left him blind for 18 months. Although his sight improved,
he was plagued with poor vision all his life. He was 6'4", thin and
fragile. His head was high-brow and had a lot of hair.
"He
tended to be a spiffy dresser, wearing suits in subtle colors, a watch
and chain, sometimes a reptile tie, other times a wide-brimmed hat."
He studied at Eton and than at Balliol College, Oxford. He wanted to
become a Doctor but an eye infection nearly blinded him which caused him
to abandon this dream and probably accounted for the bitterness in his
writings and his aversion to the human body. In 1916 he took a degree at
Oxford. He was friendly with Lord Philip and Lady Ottoline Morrell --
famous leaders of the Bloomsbury group. It was at their country place
that he met D.H. Lawrence. Huxley said Eliot was
"curiously dull
-- as a result, perhaps, of being, at last, happy in his second
marriage." In 1919 he married Maria Nys, a Belgian refugee. They
had one son -- Matthew. As a journalist, Huxley wrote and published two
volumes of symbolist poetry. "Following the war, he flirted
briefly with the then-triumphant, predominantly English imagist
movement."
Before the end of 1918, in the first postwar election, Captain
Sitwell was contesting Scarborough as a Liberal candidate for
Parliament. He lost the election, but secured 8,000 votes to his Tory
opponent's 12,000. Simultaneously, Sitwell entered upon another new
career as joint literary editor, with Herbert Read, of the quarterly
Art and Letters. A few years before, Sitwell had known no
contemporary writers but his own sister; he was now ideally placed to
remedy that lack. With his brother, he had taken a London house on Swan
Walk where there were more pictures than furniture, and French paintings
hung even in the kitchen. Sitwell's guest list at Swan Walk, and later
at 2 Carlyle Square, resembled the index to a history of modern
literature. Arnold Bennett, in his diary for June 15, 1919, approved of
the dinner and the decor he had found at Swan Walk and noted that his
dining companions included, among others, W. H. Davies, Lytton Strachey,
Siegfried Sassoon, Aldous Huxley, Leonard Woolf, and Herbert Read. The
sexual perversions of Bloomsbury were a deliberate statement of moral
autonomy. Homosexuality, according to Keynes and his sometimes lover
Lytton Strachey, was the supreme state of existence,
"passing
Christian understanding," and superior to heterosexual
relationships. The ethical superiority of homosexuality lay in its
striking opposition to the external morals of the Victorian era, and the
moral laws of God. As Deacon surmised, Keynes' homosexuality was
ultimately a rebellion "against the Puritan ethic: he hated
Puritanism in any form . . ." Although Keynes attended religious
services until in his teens, as he once explained to a friend, he was
confident that Huxley had exploded the whole Christian religion. He
wrote another friend, telling him that Christians were irrational and
exhibited stubborn pride: "They don't want to admit that a
position they've taken up with confidence is untenable."
According to Keynes, Christianity represented
"tradition,
convention and hocus pocus." As a young man at Cambridge Keynes
became involved with a secret society called the
"Apostles"
which included such notables as Lytton Strachey, Roger Fry, Clive Bell
and Leonard Woolf. It was an association that was to last a lifetime.
Many of the Apostles, including Keynes, were later to become regular
members of the "Bloomsbury Group" named after the
Bloomsbury district of London where the group regularly met. The
Apostles (and later the Bloomsbury group) were quite taken by the
philosophy of G. E. Moore, a once fervent Quaker who, losing his faith,
became a thorough philosophical sceptic. As Keynes's biographer, Robert
Skidelsky, concluded, as far as the Bloomsburries were concerned, the
value of Moore's book, Principia Ethica, lay chiefly in
its "rational justification of a rearrangement of values."
They were looking for an ethic which would release them from the duties
required of Victorian gentlemen. And in their eyes, Moore's book
provided just this.
In 1921 Huxley turned to more creative writing. After two volumes
of short stories, he began a series of novels. His sophisticated satire
caused him to become known as a prophet of doom for the cult of the
amusing. His reputation was firmly established by his first novel,
Crome Yellow (1921), a witty satire on the intellectual
pretensions of his time. In 1923 Aldous Huxley, 29, English
novelist-critic published Antic Hay. His most celebrated
novel -- Point Counter Point -- appeared ten years
following World War I. The hero was said to have been modeled after D.H.
Lawrence.
Huxley met the writer Gerald Heard who imparted to him a quasi
mystical notion of the evolutionary development of human consciousness.
Between 1923-1933 Huxley visited Italy where he saw much of
Lawrence and became "a kind of disciple." In 1933 he
edited the letters of the dead Lawrence.
Huxley's early comic novels, which include
Antic Hay
(1923), Those Barren Leaves (1925), and
Point
Counter Point (1928), demonstrated his ability to dramatize
intellectual debate in fiction; he discussed philosophical and social
topics in a volume of essays, Proper Studies (1927).
In 1924 a collection of Huxley's poetry was published.
John Middleton Murry (1889-1957) was prominent on the English
literary scene for three decades. Murry was editor of the literary
journals the Athenauem (1919-21) and
Adelphi>
(1923-48), the husband of writer Katherine Mansfield, and friend to such
luminaries as Aldous Huxley and D. H. Lawrence. Huxley caricatured Murry
as the pretentiously "spiritual" editor, Burlap, in his
novel Point Counter Point (1928).
In the 1930s, biology professor Hermann J. Muller lost his job
(under the otherwise liberal president H.Y. Benedict) because he had
written for a Marxist student publication without obtaining permission.
Muller later won the Nobel Prize, at Indiana in 1946, for work he did at
Texas that led to blood plasma transfusions, which saved tens of
thousands of lives in World War II. A politically naive leftist in the
1930s, Muller won Julian Huxley's praise as
"the greatest living
geneticist."
In both fiction and nonfiction Huxley became increasingly critical
of Western civilization in the 1930s. Brave New World
(1932), his most celebrated work, is a bitterly satiric account of an
inhumane society controlled by technology, in which art and religion
have been abolished and human beings reproduce by artificial
fertilization. Huxley's distress at what he regarded as the spiritual
bankruptcy of the modern world led him toward mysticism and the use of
hallucinatory drugs. Huxley, suggested a world where people went to the
"feelies" rather than the movies, where men were
attended by "pneumatic girls" (a phrase borrowed from
T.S. Elliot's poem "Whispers of Immortality") and where
reproduction would be controlled by the state. The perfect psychedelic,
soma, was described:
"Euphoric, narcotic,
pleasantly hallucinant -- all the advantages of Christianity and
alcohol, none of their drawbacks." In the preface to his Brave
New World Revisited (p. viii) Huxley wrote,
"If I were now to
rewrite the book, I would offer a third alternative . . . the
possibility of sanity . . . Economics would be decentralist and Henry
Georgian."
In 1931 Aldous Huxley read Phantastica and wrote a scathing
condemnation of "all existing drugs" in the
Chicago Herald Examiner. He concluded that the solution was not
prohibition but the search for better drugs.
In 1933 the Tales of Jacob by Thomas Mann were
published. In October 1933 the magazine Esquire began
publication and included writing by Hemingway and Aldous Huxley.
In 1934 Aldous Huxley visited Central America.
In 1936 Aldous Huxley published
Eyeless in Gaza.
He termed chastity "the most unnatural of the sexual
perversions." Frederick Matthias Alexander -- one of the
founders of the Alexander method -- was used by Huxley as his model for
the anthropologist Miller. The novel portrayed its central character's
conversion from selfish isolation to transcendental mysticism. In 1936
Huxley's transition to mystical writings began.
"Because Crowley
had extensive contacts with the European secret societies his specialist
knowledge was used by the SIS [Britain's Secret Intelligence Service]
for 'Black Propaganda' purposes. Crowley had confided to the writer
Aldous Huxley in 1938 when they met in Berlin that Hitler was a
practicing occultist. He also claimed that the OTO had helped the Nazis
to gain power."
The story of the first LSD is well-known -- of concoction in 1938,
and then discovery of dramatic psychoactive effects when Albert Hofmann
five years later swallowed 1/4,000ths of a gram (250 micrograms).
Christopher Isherwood (1904-) was a follower of Swami
Prabhavananda, a playwright and fiction writer who translated the
Bhagavad-Gita and other Hindu writings from Sanskrit. He converted from
Anglicalism to Hinduism. During World War II he was a pacifist and
served alternative service with the Quakers. He became a convert to the
Vedanta Society.
Huxley became interest in
"eclectic mysticism" at
a time of the intense fundamentalist religious revival in California.
Huxley borrowed from Wells the phrase "Doors in a Wall."
This referred to the use of drugs in death cult rituals. Huxley called
drugs "modifiers of conscience" and said that
hallucinatory drugs had been used since the earliest recorded history.
Huxley dabbled in drugs such as the Mandrake plant. Many who have been
encouraged to use drugs have died prematurely through overdosing or by
suicide.
In a 1940 letter Aldous Huxley said that he was
"profoundly optimistic about individuals and groups of individuals
existing on the margins of society."
Orwell contested Huxley's vision in
Brave New World
because he believed that it did not provide an accurate picture of the
mechanisms of power in the totalitarian present and future. In a 1940
essay, Orwell wrote: "Mr. Aldous Huxley's Brave New World was a
good caricature of the hedonistic Utopia, the kind of thing that seemed
possible and even imminent before Hitler appeared, but it had no
relation to the actual future. What we are moving towards at this moment
is something more like the Spanish Inquisition, and probably far worse,
thanks to the radio and the secret police." In an article on
"Prophecies of Fascism" in the same era, Orwell made similar claims: "In
Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, a sort of post-war
parody of the Wellsian Utopia, these tendencies are
immensely exaggerated. Here the hedonistic principle is pushed to its
utmost, the whole world has turned into a Riviera hotel. But though
Brave New World was a brilliant caricature of the present
(the present of 1930), it probably casts no light on the future."
Huxley wrote to his brother Julian that social transformation
could be obtained by an attack on all fronts -- economic, political,
educational and psychological. In 1942 Aldous Huxley published
The Art of Seeing.
Gerald Heard first visited Black Mountain with his friend Aldous
Huxley in 1937. He was so taken with the idea of learning communities
that he went on to found Trabuco College in Ventura, California, in
1942.
Huxley's writing culminated in a rather complete exposition of the
mystical way in 1945 -- The Perennial Philosophy.
At the close of World War II he wrote:
"Between ivory
towerism on the one hand and direct political action on the other lies
the alternative of spirituality. And between the totalitarian fascism
and totalitarian socialism lies the alternative of decentralism and
cooperative enterprise--the economic-political system most natural to
spirituality." What some called "dream killers" Huxley called
"bad artists."
"[(S)uch propagandists] accomplish their greatest triumphs, not
by doing something, but by refraining from doing. Great is truth, but
still greater, from a practical point of view, is silence about truth.
By simply not mentioning certain subjects . . . totalitarian
propagandists have influenced opinion much more effectively than they
could have done by the most eloquent denunciations, the most compelling
of logical rebuttals. -- Aldous Huxley,
Brave New World
(1946, revised forward).
Huxley, who moved to southern California in 1947, was primarily a
moral philosopher who used fiction during his early career as a vehicle
for ideas; in his later writing, which consists largely of essays, he
adopts an overtly didactic tone. Like his contemporaries D. H. Lawrence
and George Orwell, Huxley abhorred conformity and denounced the orthodox
attitudes of his time. The enormous range of his intellect and the
pungency of his writing make him one of the most significant voices of
the early 20th century. "As political and economic freedom
diminishes, sexual freedom tends . . . to increase. And the dictator . .
. will do well to encourage that freedom. In conjunction with the
freedom to daydream under the influence of dope, the movies and the
radio, it will help to reconcile his subjects to the servitude which is
their fate." -- Aldous Huxley, Brave New World (1948).
Huxley wrote a letter to Orwell in 1949 stating:
"The
philosophy of the ruling minority in 1984 is a sadism which has been
carried to its logical conclusion by going beyond sex and denying it.
Whether in actual fact the policy of the boot-on-the-face can go on
indefinitely seems doubtful. My own belief is that the ruling oligarchy
will find less arduous and wasteful ways of governing and of satisfying
its lust for power, and that these ways will resemble those which I
described in Brave New World."
The Societe Europeenne de Culture, a think tank created in 1950
through the efforts of Venetian intelligence operative Umberto
Campagnolo, has for the past three decades pulled intellectuals from
both East and West into organizing for an "international
culture," based on rejecting the existence of sovereign nations.
The SEC counted among its members the cream of the postwar
intelligentsia: Adam Schaff of Poland, Bertolt Brecht of East Germany,
Georg Lukas of Hungary, and Boris Paternak of the Soviet Union, as well
as Stephen Spender and Arnold Toynbee, Benedetto Croce and Norberto
Bobbio, Julian Huxley and Thomas Mann, Francois Mauriac, and Jean
Cocteau. Later, the SEC launched the Third World national liberation
ideology.
Andrijah Puharich was born in 1918. He received medical degree
from Northwestern University in 1947. Reportedly a friend of Aldous
Huxley. In 1952 he had first contact with "the Nine",
the highest minds in the universe, through a medium.
Aldous Huxley's 1952 book,
The Devils of Louden,
was inspired by a 1632 incident in Louden, France. Jeanne des Anges, a
nun, suffered nightmarish erotic hallucinations after being spurned by
Cure Grandier -- who was burned at the stake.
Psychedelics (hallucinogens) such as mescaline (derived from the
cactus peyote) and psilocybin (which comes from a Mexican mushroom) were
originally eaten by primitive men to induce visions. Huxley, in his
"remarkable work," reported his experiences with mescaline.
Huxley's persuasive book was one of the first modern works to put
forward any kind of argument for experimental drug taking and it is
generally believed to have been responsible for sparking off the wave of
semi-intellectual interest in drugs which finds its expression in
today's so-called 'drug culture.'"
In 1952, the first International Congress of the International
Humanist and Ethical Union (IHEU) was held in Amsterdam. IHEU represents
more than 3 million members in 30 countries. The early sponsors of IHEU
were also instrumental in founding the United Nations. They included
Lord Boyd Orr -- first head of the World Food Organization, Sir Julian
Huxley, first head of UNESCO and Canadian physician Brock Chisholm,
first head of the World Health Organization. In 1952 British
psychiatrists Humphrey Osmond and John Smythies published
"A New
Approach to Schizophrenia," theorizing that when the body is
confronted with extreme anxiety it produces the hallucinogen
adrenochrome, inducing schizophrenic or psychotic reactions. The next
year they flew out to bring Aldous Huxley a vial of mescaline. Huxley
later cabled his editor that mescaline was
"the most
extraordinary and significant experience available to human beings this
side of the Beatific Vision." He then dashed off
The
Doors of Perception in a month. In The Doors of
Perception he wrote: "The man who comes back through the
Door in the Wall will never be quite the same as the man who went out.
He will be wiser but less cocksure, happier but less self-satisfied,
humbler in acknowledging his ignorance yet better equipped to understand
the relationship of words to things, of systematic reasoning to the
unfathomable Mystery which it tries, forever vainly, to comprehend."
In 1953 Robert Hutchins quoted Aldous Huxley:
"But in
actual historical fact, the spread of free compulsory education, and,
along with it, the cheapening and acceleration of the older methods of
printing, have almost everywhere been followed by an increase in the
power of ruling oligarchies at the expense of the masses."
Hutchins added: "The case of the much-vaunted literacy of the
Japanese provides striking confirmation of the conclusions of Toynbee
and Huxley that the spread of universal, free, compulsory education had
promoted the degradation and enslavement of men."
Humphry Osmond experienced mescaline in the early 1950s, and in
May 1953 provided this to Aldous Huxley in Los Angeles. Huxley's report
to Osmond, The Doors of Perception, remains a milestone in psychedelic
history, as does the word that Osmond coined --
"psychedelic."
Currently, Osmond works as a psychiatrist in Tuskaloosa, Alabama. He is
coauthor of The Hallucinogens (Academy Press) and How to Live with
Schizophrenia, co-editor of Psychedelics: The Uses and Implications of
Hallucinogenic Drugs (Anchor Books) and author of Understanding
Understanding. Osmond's interest in this field grew out of a
fascination with schizophrenia and alcoholism. He went into the Navy
once he had qualified for medicine at Guys Hospital in London in 1942.
Oscar Janiger had his first LSD experience in 1954. After a training in
botany, he entered the fields of teaching and psychiatry. He has
lectured at UC Irvine and the California College of Surgeons, was
research director for the Holmes (holistic health) Foundation, maintains
a private practice, and founded the Albert Hofmann Foundation. He
administered LSD to 875 people, many from the creative communities of
Beverly Hills and Hollywood. In 1955 Huxley's first wife died. In 1956
he married Laural Archera. In Heaven and Hell (1956) he
described the use of mescaline to induce visionary states of mind.
In its May 13, 1957 issue,
Life ran a feature
called "Seeking the Magic Mushroom." R. Gordon Wasson, a
J.P. Morgan Vice-President, and his wife, recounted their 1955 visionary
adventures among "psilocybe cultists in darkest Mexico."
Huxley called Bill Wilson, the co-founder of AA
" the
greatest social architect of our time." Syanon, a revolutionary
rehabilitation program using AA, was founded in Ocean Park, California
by Chuck Dederich in 1958 and spread as drug use expanded.
In his Brave New World Revisited, Aldous Huxley in 1958 described
a society in which war had been eliminated and where
"the first
aim of the rulers is at all costs to keep their subjects from making
trouble." He described a likely future:
"The completely
organized society, the scientific caste system, the abolition of free
will by methodical conditioning, the servitude made acceptable by
regular doses of chemically induced happiness, the orthodoxies drummed
in by nightly courses of sleep teaching . . ." He predicted
non-violent tyranny: "Under the relentless thrust of
accelerating over-population and increasing over-organization, and by
means of ever more effective methods of mind-manipulation, the
democracies will change their nature; and quaint old forms -- elections,
parliaments, Supreme Courts and all the rest -- will remain. The
underlying substance will be a new kind of non-violent totalitarianism.
All the traditional names, all the hallowed slogans will remain exactly
what they were in the good old days. Democracy and freedom will be the
theme of every broadcast and editorial -- but democracy and freedom in a
strictly Pickwickian sense. Meanwhile the ruling oligarchy and its
highly trained elite of soldiers, policemen, thought-manufacturers and
mind-manipulators will quietly run the show as they see fit."
In 1958, in Brave New World Revisited , Huxley
wrote a diatribe against overpopulation and overconsumption. His comment
about Aryan drug use as part of an elite religious ceremony seems to be
historic in nature. There was a priesthood that was very knowledgeable
about the effects of drugs. The Isis cult seems to have also used drugs
in its productions. Hitler thought he talked to
"the evil one"
while on a mescaline trip. When alone or with his inner circle, did he
engage in religious ceremonies, evocations or incantations? Or did they
use drugs to get "high?" The Huxley quote does suggest
drugs and religious worship were connected as early as the Aryan
conquest of India. The word "Iran" derives from "Aryan."
In Brave New World Revisited Huxley contested
Orwell: "George Orwell's 1984 was a magnified projection into
the future of a present that contained Stalinism and an immediate past
that had witnessed the flowering of Nazism. Brave New World was written
before the rise of Hitler to supreme power in Germany and when the
Russian tyrant had not yet got into his stride. In 1931, systematic
terrorism was not the obsessive contemporary fact which it had become in
1948, and the future dictatorship of my imaginary world was a good deal
less brutal than the future dictatorship so brilliantly portrayed by
Orwell. In the context of 1948, 1984 seemed dreadfully convincing. But
tyrants, after all, are mortal and circumstances change. Recent
developments in Russia and recent advances in science and technology
have robbed Orwell's book of some of its gruesome versimilitude. A
nuclear war will, of course, make nonsense of everybody's predictions.
But, assuming for the moment that the Great Powers can somehow refrain
from destroying us, we can say that it now looks as though the odds were
more in favor of something like Brave New World than of something like
1984."
Neil Postman commented:
"What Orwell feared were those who
would ban books. What Huxley feared was that there would be no reason to
ban a book, for there would be no one who wanted to read one. Orwell
feared those who would deprive us of information. Huxley feared those
who would give us so much that we would be reduced to passivity and
egoism. Orwell feared the truth would be concealed from us. Huxley
feared the truth would be drowned in a sea of irrelevance. Orwell feared
we would become a captive culture. Huxley feared we would become a
trivial culture, preoccupied with some equivalent of the feelies, the
orgy porgy, and the centrifugal bumblepuppy. As Huxley remarked in Brave
New World Revisited, the civil libertarians and rationalists who are
ever on the alert to oppose tyranny 'failed to take into account man's
almost infinite appetite for distractions.' In Brave New World, they are
controlled by inflicting pleasure. In short, Orwell feared that what we
hate will ruin us. Huxley feared that what we love will ruin us."
Purchased in 1960 for $285, this small substance may be said,
without exaggeration, to have perpetrated the most significant cultural
revolution of our time. John Beresford, a pediatrician of British
extraction working in New York City, purchased gram H-00047. Before
long, it passed into the systems of Donovan, Paul McCartney, Keith
Richards, Paul Krassner, Frank Barron, Huston Smith, Aldous Huxley, Paul
Lee, Richard Katz, Pete La Roca, Charlie Mingus, Saul Steinberg, Timothy
Leary, Richard Alpert, Ralph Metzner, Alan Watts, Jean Houston and
perhaps a thousand others. "There is some possibility,"
commented Michael Hollingshead, a main distributor,
"that my
friends and I have illuminated more people than anyone else in history."
In the summer of 1960 Timothy O'Leary used magic mushrooms for the
first time in Mexico. He realized his old self was dead, collaborated
with Dr. Richard Albert and discussed the meaning and implication of the
new world with Aldous Huxley. In the 1960-1961 school year Leary and
Albert began a series of experiments on Harvard graduate students --
using pure psilocybin -- and with a physician in attendance. When
students at Harvard were given mushrooms, they
"came up with
accounts of mystical experiences which largely duplicated accounts of
mystical experiences of Christian saints they had read in books. Takers
of mescaline commonly have similar experiences to Huxley's, just as
Huxley's were similar to those reported by earlier experimenters like
Havelock Ellis." In 1960 Leary tried psychedelic mushrooms while
on a vacation in Cuernavaca, Mexico. The experience opened up a new
world for him: "I realized I had died, that I, Timothy Leary,
the Timothy Leary game, was gone. I could look back and see my body on
the bed. I relived my life, and reexperienced many events I had
forgotten. More than that, I went back in time in an evolutionary sense
to where I was aware of being a one-celled organism. All of these things
were way beyond my mind." Leary was in Mexico in August, 1960,
intending to work on a book.
Around 1961 Aldous Huxley said at a U.S. State
Department-sponsored conference at the California Medical School in San
Francisco: "There will be in the next generation or so . . . a
pharmacological method of making people love their servitude and
producing dictatorship without tears, so to speak. Producing a kind of
painless concentration camp for entire societies so that people will in
fact have their liberties taken away from them but will rather enjoy it,
because they will be distracted from any desire to rebel -- by
propaganda, or brainwashing, or brainwashing enhanced by pharmacological
methods. And this seems to be the final revolution." Timothy
Leary recalled his conversation with Huxley who told him to be a
brain-drug cheerleader for evolution like he and his grandfather before
him. However, Huxley told Leary that the obstacle to the evolution was
the Bible: "Drugs that open the mind to multiple realities
inevitably lead to a polytheistic view of the universe. We sensed that
the time for a new humanist religion based on intelligence, good-natured
pluralism and scientific paganism had arrived."
Huxley was among those who encouraged Michael Murphy and Richard
Price in their decision to open Esalen in 1961. Murphy and Price wrote
to Huxley, who believed science and mysticism were complementary
activities, and whose elucidation of "the perennial philosophy"
and ideas about the human potential shaped Esalen's work for the next 32
years. It is said that Aldous Huxley, that modern of moderns, went to a
few Ouspensky meetings in London. Eventually Huxley settled for Gerald
Heard who drew heavily on Eastern philosophy. In Huxley we may find a
symptom of a desperate tendency to turn in our crisis to ideas and
teachings that stand outside the stream of Western culture. At Huxley's
suggestion, Murphy and Price sought out Gerald Heard, philosopher and
mystic, who cast a deep Irish spell with accounts of people and events
that revealed the secrets of human transformation. An afternoon with
Heard in the summer of 1961, in which Heard displayed his characteristic
enthusiasm and sense of a cosmic mandate, confirmed Esalen's two
founders in their decision to start a seminar center. In the first three
years of the Big Sur human-potential center, the lecturers included Alan
Watts, Arnold Toynbee, Gerald Heard, Linus Pauling, Carl Rogers, Norman
O. Brown, Paul Tillich, Rollo May and Carlos Castaneda. Esalen's first
brochure "flew under the title of a series of 1961 lectures by
Aldous Huxley: 'Human Potentialities.'"
Like the hero in Maugham's
The Razor's Edge,
Michael Murphy went to India seeking enlightenment. He lived for
eighteen months at the Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry -- an institute
combining the wisdom of East and West. Michael Murphy and Richard Price
decided in 1961 to open the Esalen Institute in Big Sur, California as a
center for humanistic psychology. The institute, which was opened in
1962, conducts workshops, seminars, and symposia. The late Hindu Geru
Sri Aurobindo has a follower by the name of Maurice Strong who has
connections with David Rockefeller, the Rothschilds and other groups of
the money elite.
One evening in 1962, Abraham Maslow was forced to seek shelter at
the nearest residence due to fog: "He arrived in time for an
Easlen study group that was unpacking a case of twenty copies of his
latest book."
In 1962 Billy and Tommy Hitchcock purchased Millbrook. It became
"the shrine where acid was sanctified." Tommy had become
friends with Leary toward the end of the 1950's.
In the Summer of 1962, Billy Hitchcock met Dick Albert at his
mother's house and recalled: "I found Dick funny -- he
understood how to laugh at himself, and he had a background similar to
mine. He was Jewish, his father was head of the Hartford and New Haven
Railroad. He opened me up. He got me to read Thomas Mann, Salinger . . .
he was already having his problems with Harvard, and he had established
this community in Mexico, Zihuatanejo. Tommy and Peggy went down there,
and Peggy told me I should try a psychedelic. I said, 'Why?' She said,
'That's a good question, try it, you've got nothing to lose.'"
Mescaline was the drug of choice at that time.
In 1962 Look Magazine did a special issue on
California. Aldous Huxley was cited as among the Californians who were
calling for a new national constitutional convention.
In 1962 Allan Watts published
The Joyous Cosmology:
Adventures in the Chemistry of Consciousness with a forward by
Timothy Leary and Richard Albert.
On November 27, 1962, Leary and Alpert stated:
"If you
announce your discovery you're in trouble. If you discuss it quietly
with friends you have a cult. If you try to apply these potentials
within the conventional, institutional format you are side-tracked,
silenced, blocked or fired . . . For the first time in American history
and for the first time in the Western world since the Inquisition there
now exists a scientific underground and foundation largesse, over a
hundred responsible professional researchers are volunteering their
time, their own money, risking their reputations and their legal freedom
to research consciousness without institutional support."
In 1963 Richard Deacon published the 310-page
City of Man:
The Hopes and Possibilities of a World Culture which included a
discussion of the ideas of Toynbee, Teilhard de Chardin, Mumford,
Jaspers, Wells, Huxley, Northrop, and many others.
In 1963 the Beatles appeared on the Ed Sullivan show. They
combined rock and mystical music, long hair, and the worship of
Hinduism. The guru who was sought after by the Beatles was Maharishi
Mahesh (TM) Yogi. Drugs were suggested in many of their songs:
"Yellow Submarine" (a "submarine" is a "downer"),
"Lucy
in the Sky With Diamonds" (the initials of the main words are
LSD), "Hey Jude" (a song about the drug known as
methadrine), "Stawberry Fields" (where opium is grown to
avoid detection) and "Norwegian Wood" (a British term
for marijuana). John Lenon's song "Imagine" attacked
religion ("Imagine there's no heaven, It's easy if you try, No
hell below us, Above us only sky"), espoused a do you own thing
philosophy ("Imagine all the people, Living for today"),
attacked nationalism ("Imagine there's no countries"),
attacked religion ("It is isn't hard to do, Nothing to kill or
die for and no religion too"), called for the abolition of
private property ("Imagine no possessions"), supported a
new international order ("I wonder if you can, No need for greed
or hunger, A brotherhood of man, Imagine all the people, Sharing all the
world") and advocated a one-world government
("You may
say I'm a dreamer, But I'm not the only one, I hope someday you'll join
us, and the world will be as one.") Lennon called for abolition
of private property and then left his Japanese-born widow a $250 million
estate.
In 1963 Harold Asher wrote Experiments in Seeing -- a story of his
search for mystical experience through LSD. Initially LSD was classified
as a "new" drug with few restrictions on its
experimental use. In 1963 it was reclassified as an
"investigational new drug" and made available only to carefully
selected investigators. In 1963 Timothy O'Leary founded the
International Federation for Internal Freedom (IFIF) to encourage
research on psychedelic substances. The institute, however, died for
lack of outside interest or support. In the Good Friday Study W.H. Clark
-- a Leary follower, found that subjects given psilocybin before
attending religious services were more likely to have a life-changing or
mystical experience. In March 1963 Leary and Alpert began recruiting for
the IFIF. They attracted the "young, the idealistic, the
eccentric, and the rebellious . . ." They lectured in Los
Angeles to promote the International Federation for Internal Freedom.
Leary left without notifying univesity authorities and went to Mexico to
arrange the lease of a hotel in Zihuatanejo for use as an IFIF summer
colony.
In May 1963, two months after Leary's Mexico departure, Richard
Alpert publicly attacked the administration's stand on denying
psilocybin to undergraduates. He was fired by Harvard on May 27.
Major issues at Harvard that caused friction for Leary included no
doctor being present during experiments, use of undergraduates and drug
sessions being conducted off campus or even in Leary's house. In the
Spring of 1963 Leary and Albert were dismissed from their academic
positions. Leary was fired for not attending his classes. He admitted
the non-attendance but thought he was on approved leave. Albert
separated from Leary and lectured on the West coast while Leary settled
in at an estate in Millbrook, New York -- owned by a wealthy supporter
of Leary's beliefs.
The IFIF colony was in operation by June 1963. The stay was a
short one. After an unassociated murder, a newspaper in Mexico City
began a campaign against the group and the Mexican government ordered
the group out. In the summer of 1963, Leary rented Millbrook from Wall
Streeter and Lehman Brothers's Billy Hitchcock for $500 a month.
Leary and Alpert holed up in Millbrook, New York. In Volume I of
the Psychedelic Review, in the Fall of 1963, Leary and
Ralph Metzner did an article on Herman Hesse -- the German novelist whom
the group adopted as its literary prophet.
Arnold Toynbee, in the September 29, 1963 edition of
The
New York Times, discussed an alliance between the Soviets and
the Fabian-controlled West to face the yellow menace of Red China.
Before his death JFK said the Country
"is in dire peril .
. ." and that it might not "survive his term in office."
Evelyn Lincoln, JFK's secretary for 12 years, quoted him as saying:
"If they are going to get me, they will get me even in Church"
(meaning anywhere). Mary Pinchot Meyer told Timothy Leary:
"They
could not control him (JFK) anymore."
The use of peyote in religious ceremonies was declared legal in
California in 1964.
In 1964, the Leary-Alpert manual for the psychedelic experience,
based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead, was published.
In 1964 Augustus Owsley Stanley III tried LSD for the first time
as a 29-year-old Berkley dropout.
None of the ideas of the
"Now Generation" of 1964
were less than thirty years old.
By 1964 Ken Kesey and his
Merry Prankster friends
were touring the country in a Day-Glo-painted school bus. Later they
gave Acid Test parties and supplied LSD which was still legal. Music was
provided by the Grateful Dead at later Acid Tests. The
Grateful Dead began at 710 Ashbury street as an
acid-rock group with electric guitarist Jerry Garcia, 24, drummer Mickey
Hart, Ron "Pigpen" McKernan and others. The name was taken from an
Oxford dictionary notation on the burial of Egyptian pharoahs. McKernan
died of alcohol and drugs.
In 1964 and 1965, George Leonard traveled around the country
working on "what he thought would be the most important story of
his career. It would run in two or three subsequent issues of Look, he
anticipated, and he intended to call it 'The Human Potential.'"
The article, which eventually ran to some 20,000 words, was never
published by Look. It was considered
"too long
and too theoretical."
In 1965 Esalen's Michael Murphy (student of Eastern philosophy and
humanistic psychology) joined forces with Look's George
Leonard (Student of Social and Political Movements in the U.S.). In the
Fall of 1965, B.F. Skinner, S.I. Hayakawa, Watts, Carl Rogers and J.B.
Rhine led seminars.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Esalen became particularly
popular as the scene of various exploratory approaches to personality
development and consciousness expansion. These types of activities have
remained the institute's focus. A former President of the American
Psychological Association has said that Esalen is potentially
"the most important educational institute in the world."
Alice Bailey, the most prolific writer for the New Age, wrote in
1965: "The Illuminati have ever led the race forward; the
knowers, mystics and saints have ever revealed to us the heighth of
racial and individual possibilities."
The Psychedelic Reader came out in 1965 as an anthology to the
1964 manual. Alpert gradually dropped away from the group while Leary
became even more outspoken. Alice Bailey, the most prolific writer for
the New Age, wrote in 1965: "The Illuminati have ever led the
race forward; the knowers, mystics and saints have ever revealed to us
the height of racial and individual possibilities."
In 1965 alone the British sent 136 ships with oil and other war
good that docked at the port of Haiphong. At a time when America had
300,000 troops in South Vietnam, England had sent only 11 police
instructors and a professor of English. Standard and Shell were taking
33,000 barrels of oil daily out of North Thailand and refining it at
Bangehak and Srivacha. While Thailand officials lied, the
Bangkok News said that foreign companies had taken 40,000,000
barrels of oil out of the Burma ground in 1965. President De Galle of
France blasted the Standard Oil "policy" in Vietnam. Standard Oil had
operations in North Vietnam and Burma. The Shelf Coast extended from
Hong Kong to Vietnam, Burma and Thailand. No news stories revealed that
thousands of barrels of oil were being taken out by Standard Oil every
day. Moody's Manual of Industrials listed nearly 300
foreign operations but not a line about the Thailand wells. Once this
was revealed, the next issue eliminated all mention of foreign
operations. It was first said there was no oil industry in Thailand.
Later authorities advised that the production of oil was a major
industry.
In 1965 Allen Ginsburg used the phrase
"flower power"
at a Berkley rally. The flower antiwar theme appeared in
"Where
Have All the Flowers Gone?" and "San Francisco (Be Sure
to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)" and in fashions. The
Hells Angels had attacked the marchers calling them
"Un-American."
A 1965 article by San Francisco Examiner reporter
Michael Fallon used the term "hippie." The beats used
the term hippie as a term of disdain. While hippies used drugs for the
sake of experience, beats had used drugs for the sake of art. They also
preferred rock music to jazz. While beatniks had adopted from the black
culture, the hippies looked to Native Americans. Deerskin moccasins,
silver and turquoise jewelry and headbands were adopted as well as
ingesting peyote buttons. Identification with Native Americans occurred
along with referring to communal groups as tribes. The multimedia show
"America Needs Indians" was a big hit in 1965. By May
1965, Owsley Stanley III was filling orders for LSD from around the
country from his Los Angles laboratory. He financed the rock group
The Grateful Dead, the
San Francisco Oracle
underground newspaper, joined up with Ken Kesey and became the chief
supply chemist for the Acid Tests.
In August 1965, Ken Kesey invited the San Francisco chapter of the
Hells Angels to a party at his home in La Honda. He
introduced them to LSD. They became heavily involved with both supply
and demand until the end of the 1960s. In December 1965 Leary's
16-year-old daughter was found at customs with a pillbox in her
brassiere that contained a smidgen of marijuana. An indictment was made
against Leary for attempted to smuggle marijuana out of the country
without paying a duty on it. Billy Hitchcock set up the Leary defense
fund. The case was taken to the Supreme Court where it was thrown out on
the grounds of double jeopardy. After this incident, Leary
"let
Millbrook really start to run downhill." Ken Kesey rolled up in
a bus with the Merry Pranksters and it was rumored that
80 Hell's Angels were aboard.
Death cults existed four thousand years ago. The resurgence of
death cults began with the arrival of Aldous Huxley in America. He
copied the formula from the Isis-Orsiris cult, the Dionysus cult and the
rituals of Tibetan and Egyptian high priests. A principal disciple of
his was Timothy Leary. LSD, which was made by Hoffman La Roche, was
introduced into America by Huxley and Bertand Russell. After working
with Leary at Harvard, Huxley and Leary created the International
Federation for Internal Freedom Psychadelic Training Center in Mexico.
Students at this "invisible university" had lessons from
the Tibetan Book of the Dead. At the center it was
taught that "death is a transition, it is only a change in form,
in some cases a happy release." Among the death cults are the
Luciferian Society, the Dionysus Cult, the Osiris-Horus cult of ancient
Egypt, the Freemasons, the Urania Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the
Children of the Sun, witchcraft, demon worshipers and Aquarians who
venerate Caligula. Death cults are devil-worshiping in purpose and all
end in death for someone.
In their first seminar on Human Potentiality, led by Willis
Harman, every program leader was involved with LSD research: Adams,
Harman, Gregory Bateson, Gerald Heard, Paul Kurtz, and Myron Stolaroff.
Other drug-culture luminaries, such as Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert,
taught at Esalen, and various psychedelics were used by the staff and
students, although drug-use was not officially endorsed. Strangely, the
Institute was never raided by the authorities. Charles Manson and
members of his family played an impromptu concert at Esalen three days
before their massacre at the Sharon Tate house.
In Island Huxley's society relied upon the mind
for healing. His last novel featured extended families, learning by
doing and imagining and commerce was bowed to ecology. Huxley died on
November 22, 1963, in Los Angeles. This was the exact same day that JFK
was assassinated. This was also the day that C.S. Lewis died. He
"asked for and received an injection of LSD on his deathbed . . ."
"His time on earth spanned the end of the Victorian Age and the
beginning of the Age of Aquarius, and he was always in the vanguard of,
never afraid to investigate (and even to believe in) the strange and the
mystical, yet he never lost respect for everyday reality." He
authored 47 books, including Crome Yellow and
After Many A Summer Dies the Swan. Huxley spent forty years
living in and working in Hollywood collaborating with Adorno and
Horkheimer.
At the height of their popularity, the Beatles went to India --
the land of the Hindus. Aldous Huxley wrote about soma -- an
intoxicating drink for the Brahmins. In fable it was personified as a
god -- representing the moon.
Dr. Louis Jolyon West is a director of AFF. An expert in
brainwashing for the Air Force and the CIA, West first achieved fame
from his MK-Ultra feat -- he injected LSD-25 into an elephant and killed
it. West researched "the psychology of dissociated states"
for the CIA, using LSD and hypnosis. His friend {Aldous Huxley}
suggested to Dr. West during an MK-Ultra experiment that West hypnotize
his subjects prior to administering LSD, in order to give them
"post-hypnotic suggestions aimed at orienting the drug-induced
experience in some desired direction." Huxley was friends with
Dr. Louis "Jolly" West, and suggested that West try
combining LSD with hypnosis. Dr. West was called upon by the government
to examine Jack Ruby, who had killed Lee Harvey Oswald before Oswald
could stand trial for his alleged role in the assassination of President
John Kennedy. Huxley was also interested in parapsychology, and lectured
on the topic at Duke University. It was at Duke where Huxley had contact
with J.B. Rhine, who reportedly did experiments in psychic phenomena for
the CIA and the Army. Longtime CIA doctor Louis J. West once treated
Aldous Huxley. It was West's diagnosis that Ruby was a
"candidate suitable for treatment" that allowed him to be put on
drugs.
In 1964, Lilly held seminars at the Esalen Institute, and was
Group Leader and Associate in Residence from 1969 to1971.
Laura Huxley, Aldous's widow, sponsored a foundation devoted to
"conscious childbirth" called Our Ultimate Investment.
During the radical 1960s, the late Leary and Richard Albert did
extensive research on LSD and other psychedelic elements -- in
collaboration with Aldous Huxley, Allen Ginsberg and others. The pair
escaped to a mansion in upstate New York. While Leary continued to ride
naked on horses, Richard Alpert went to India in 1967 and met his
spiritual teacher -- Neem Karoli Baba. He came back with a new name --
Baba Ram Dass ("servant of God"). He then began teaching Kali-worship
(goddess of thieves) to Harvard students. After six years or so of
getting high, visited India. There he met a 23-year-old man named
Bhagwan Dass. Eventually, after fasting, yoga and meditation, Albert was
introduced to Dass' s guru -- Maharaji. He then changed his name to Ram
Dass, returned to the U.S. and wrote Be Here Now. When
he became Ram Dass, he forsook his Jewish upbringing and
was estranged from his family. His never-named father was a wealthy
lawyer, President of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and
founder of Brandeis University. The recently sick Ram Dass is said to be
known and loved all over the world as the self-described
"HinJew."
Dismissed from Harvard with Leary in 1963, Dass was involved with the
Zihuatanejo Project, the IFIF (The International Foundation for Internal
Freedom) and the Castalia Organization at Millbrook, all of which were
attempts to realize a psychedelic utopia as presented in
Island
by Aldous Huxley, and Glass Bead Game by Herrman Hesse.
Michael Kahn was an important associate of Timothy Leary during
the mid-1960s, taking LSD trips with him and providing him with privacy
periodically in those turbulent years. He has observations of related
activities at Harvard and Millbrook. Kahn lectures at UC San Anselmo.
His writings include The Tao of Conversation and Between Therapist and
Client.
LSD was not made illegal until 1966. In 1966 Leary founded the
League of Spiritual Discovery.
In 1966 Leary was arrested for the possession of marijuana at the
Millbrook, New York estate and appeared at three congressional hearings.
He told Sen. Ted Kennedy that "LSD is not a dangerous drug."
In that same year he began his own religion -- the
"League of
Spiritual Discovery" -- with LSD as the sacrament. Its slogan
was: "Turn On, Tune In, and Drop Out." G. Gordon Liddy,
local Assistant District Attorney, used as his slogan for the Republican
nomination for Congress: "Throw Hitchcock Out of Millbrook."
In 1967 the New York Phoenix House established seminar rap session
techniques. It was started by five former drug addicts.
The musical Hair opened in 1967. The song
"Age of Aquarius" talks about the influence to be felt at the
end of the century at "the dawning of the Age of Aquarius."
The Age of Pisces lasts from 0 A.D. to 2000 A.D. The Age of Aquarius
begins at 2000 A.D. to last until 4000 A.D.
By 1967 many of the Haight-Ashbury residents had turned from acid
to speed.
Beginning in 1967, Timothy Leary said in lectures delivered around
the country: "turn on (to the scene), tune in (to what is
happening), and drop out (of high school, college, grad school . . .)."
In 1967 Owsley was arrested in his lab and sentenced to three
years in jail.
In 1967 the Beatles accompanied the Maharishi to India and
announced their intention to give up drugs and follow his teachings.
In 1967 a court decision, involving Timothy O'Leary, held that the
use of marijuana was not essential to the practice of Hinduism.
By 1967 a large drug population had emerged in San Francisco where
Ken Kesey had handled out LSD. In 1967 a Tavistock-sponsored
"Conference on the Dialectics of Liberation" was chaired by Dr.
R.D. Laing. Two of the American delegates were Angela Davis and Stokley
Carmichael. "By 1967, with the cult of 'Flower People' in
Haight-Ashbury and the emergence of the anti-war movement, the United
States was ready for the inundation of LSD, hashish, and marijuana that
hit American college campuses in the late 1960s."
The 1967 Be-In was referred to as
"A Gathering of the
Tribes." The January 1967 Human Be-In was followed by the
"Summer of Love" in Haight-Ashbury. Bill Graham staged
concerts at the Fillmore six days a week. The event was coordinated by
Allen Ginsberg, Timothy Leary and Jerry Rubin. Some 10,000
"heard speeches, danced to music by San Francisco bands, chanted Hindu
and Buddhist rituals, ate free turkey sandwiches (some laced with LSD),
and generally celebrated the birth of the countercultural community."
In April 1967, warnings were issued and businesses were closed in
Haight-Ashbury after a huge influx of hippies. In response, as a form of
protest, Hippies marched shouting "Haight is love." Over
30 people were arrested in the demonstration.
The Grateful Dead hosted an
Om Festival
featuring om chanting with the music for 2,500 during the Summer of
Love.
During the winter 1967-1968, LSD reached a peak. Its use declined
thereafter. Mescaline, which offers less of an inner experience but a
more intense sensory show than LSD, became the hallucinogen of choice
for many previous LSD users.
Esalen became "real" when the
New York
Times ran an article on it on December 31, 1967 in the
Sunday Magazine. Hot baths, which may be taken in the nude,
"are considered a rite of passage into a new life."
In April 1968 Columbia University was seized by a group of
students for several days. James Kunen, one of the student leaders,
wrote in The Strawberry Statement that a report on the
SDS convention mentioned men from Roundtable International
trying to buy radicals. "These men are the world's leading
industrialists and they convene to decide how our lives are going to go
. . . They offered to finance our demonstration in Chicago. We were also
offered Esso (Rockefeller) money. They want us to make a lot of radical
commotion so they can look more in the center as they move to the Left."
Jerry Rubin once said: "The hip capitalists have some allies
within the revolutionary community: longhairs who work as intermediaries
between the kids on the street and the millionaire businessmen."
During the fall of 1969 $85,000 in Carnegie Foundation funds were paid
to the SDS. An undercover SDS police informant said he had
"wondered where the money was coming from for all this activity, and
soon discovered it came through radicals via the United Nations, from
the Rockefeller Foundation, the Ford Foundation, United Auto Workers, as
well as cigar boxes of American money from the Cuban embassy."
Brandeis University was the head of all SDS chapters throughout
the United States. The founders and some of its top administrators have
been "violently anti-religious and have left wing associations."
In 1969, after a series of arrests on drug charges, Leary was
sentenced to a minimum security prison in California.
The Woodstock Music and Art Fair drew 300,000 in August
1969 to Bethel, New York. Performers included Jimi Hendrix, Joan Baez,
Ritchie Havens, the Jefferson Airplane, the Who, the Grateful Dead,
Carlos Santana and others. Abbie Hoffman called it
"the first
attempt to land man on the earth."
On December 6, 1969, the
Altamont Music Festival
outside San Francisco attracted 300,000 to a free Rolling Stones
concert. The Hells Angels administered several beatings and stabbed a
boy to death when he tried to reach the stage.
In 1970 Margaret Mead said:
"There are no elders who know
what those who have been reared within the last 20 years know about the
world into which they were born." She called for psychologically
"qualified" parents to rear all the children -- leaving the less
qualified parents free to explore their inner selves and one another.
Margaret Mead said in 1970: "This break between generations is
wholly new: it is planetary and universal." In 1970, just before
the Nixon/Kissinger invasion of Cambodia (that produced a storm of
antiwar protests on and off campuses), the Bilderbergers discussed the
"future function of the university in our society."
Participants included Paul Samuelson, Graham T. Allison (later Dean of
the Kennedy School at Harvard University) and Andrew Cordier (Dean of
the School of International Affairs at Columbia University 1962-68)
(also acting president of Columbia in 1968 during the student
occupation). In 1970 Governor Reagan acknowledged the possibility of a
"bloodbath" to put down campus unrest.
After being organized in New York by a small group concerned with
pollution and smog, the first Earth Day took place on April 22, 1970.
Activities around the country included car
"funerals,"
traffic blockades and clean-up programs. On Earth Day, April 22, 1970,
Norman Cousins (CFR), the longtime president of the United World
Federalists (later the World Federalist Association), proclaimed,
"Humanity needs world order. The fully sovereign nation is incapable
of dealing with the poisoning of the environment . . . The management of
the planet . . . requires a world government." The UNESCO
Biosphere Conference and ecological activism produced the first Earth
Day in 1971. Both Earth day and the beginning of the Army-McCarthy
hearings share the date April 22 (Lenin's birthday).
In September of 1970 Leary escaped from prison by walking away
from prison. He turned off a flame he had ignited ten years before.
"A real cop-out."
In 1973 Jerry Garcia of the
Grateful Dead received
a years probation in New Jersey for possession of LSD, marijuana and
cocaine.
Ronald David Laing (1927-1989) overcame beatings by his father by
retreating into "a point in space with no dimensions."
He devoured all the classics within his reach from the Bible through
Mill and Voltaire to Darwin and Huxley. By the age of 14, he was reading
Plato and knew he was interested in psychology. In 1956 he went for
psycho-analytic training at the Freudian-oriented Tavistock Institute of
Human Relations in London. From 1962-1965, Laing directed the Langham
Clinic in London and began to experiment with mind-expanding substances
as a means of accelerating transcendental trips to the inner self. In
1967, a conference sponsored by psychiatry's National Association for
Mental Health (NAMH) in the United Kingdom was devoted to
"The
Role of Religion in Mental Health." The Reverend George Croft, a
lecturer in experimental psychology, said that distressed persons were
seeking psychotherapists rather than ministers because as Jung
suggested, ministers were not expected to possess
"psychological
knowledge or insight." Also speaking was psychiatrist Dr. R. D.
Laing from the Tavistock Institute who suggested that the clergy get
more in touch with the "egoic experience," and
seminaries and theological colleges should discuss this as a church
component. In the early 1970's he studied under Buddhist and Hindu
spiritual masters in Ceylon, India and Japan, and lectured throughout
the U.S. Laing was a vegetarian with a respect for life such that he
could not even bear to cut the grass.
In 1975, Princeton Professor Richard A. Falk (CFR) laid out a map
in On the Creation of a Just World terming the seventies
as the decade of "consciousness raising," the eighties
the decade of "mobilization" and the
nineties the decade
of "transformation."
In 1975 the "Masters" told Alice Bailey that the
time was right for the open propagation of
"The Plan."
In 1975 the War in Vietnam officially ended.
In 1975 the "Brain/Mind Bulletin" magazine was
first published by Marilyn Ferguson as "a vehicle for pulling .
. . information on mind and consciousness together."
In the summer of 1976, Bruce traveled back to Europe and to
England. He met and had lunch with Albert Hofmann on the Rhine river.
Hofmann told him stories of meetings with Huxley and Leary and other
noted figures in the "psychedelic movement" as it was
known back then. He also met and became friends with Michael Hollingshed,
author of The Man Who Turned on the World, an
autobiography by this trickster who was responsible for turning both the
Beatles and Tim Leary onto their first trips.
Hollingshead conveyed a substantial amount of gram H-00047 to Harvard
University and to London, after coming to the U.S. as an official
working for British-American cultural exchange. Hollingshead's
activities centered in Manhattan, London and Katmandu. He wrote much
about psychedelics in a variety of head magazines.
Returning from Europe in 1976, Bruce left Los Angeles for Santa
Cruz, California, where he was to spend most of the next two decades.
Bruce escorted Hofmann and his wife Anita during their tour of Santa
Cruz. Also there were other noted psychedelic researchers, including
Oscar Janiger, William McGlothlin, Ron Siegel and others. At a dinner,
Hofmann toasted his pcychedelic grandchildren -- many of them there,
including Leary, Ram Dass and Metzer, the noted Harvard trio who had
collaborated on research and together wrote
The Psychedelic
Experience, based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead. Bruce had
done a lot of footwork, hiking through the redwood campus of the
University of California Santa Cruz, setting up the logistics. Now tired
of this massive organizational effort, Bruce went off with his friend
Danny, who together drank a bottle of psilocybin extract. Having just
read Island by Huxley and
Intelligence Agents
by Timothy Leary, some of the circuits in Bruce's mind began to perceive
new connections and sychronicities. As he walked with his friend down to
the windswept beaches, he thought about his original expectations for
the 'Sixties. He then believed the counter-culture would become the
dominant culture in some revolution of love and ecstasy.
At Jonestown, Guyana, 914 followers of paranoid pastor the Rev.
Jim Jones obeyed his order to join him in death by drinking Kool-Aid
laced with cyanide. Mass-murderer Jim Jones cooperated with Bertrand
Russell and Aldous Huxley indirectly through the Peace Pledge Union. The
New Agers were proud to claim Jim Jones and his People's Temple as their
own until his Guyana murder-suicide fiasco. After that, they never
mentioned him again except to point to him as an example of the dangers
of religious fundamentalism. When Jones moved to San Fransciso and
purchased land to build a new Temple, it is said the land had been the
site of the Albert Pike Memorial Temple. In November 1978 over 900
people died at the People's Temple in Guyana. At Jonestown, it was
intially assumed that the large vat of drink containing poison was the
cause of the suicides. Autopsies showed that 700 of the 900 had died of
gunshots wounds and stangulation -- not poison.
"They had not
committed suicide at all; they were brutally mass murdered. According to
Jack Anderson, a tape made by Rev. Jones mentioned a man named Dwyer.
Richard Dwyer was the deputy chief of the U.S. mission to Guyana and
accompanied Rep. Leo Ryan to investigate the encampment. The Congressman
was murdered but Dwyer was not affected. He claimed that Jones'
reference to him was "mistaken." In 1959 he had began working for the
CIA and had "no comment" when Anderson asked if he was a CIA agent."
Among the drugs found at Jonestown was chloral hydrate -- used in the
CIA's secret mind control program known as
"MK ULTRA."
Did the CIA slaughter 900 at Jonestown to cover up a massive-scale drug
experiment?
In the late 1970's, Esalen became involved with an Englishwoman
named Jenny O'Connor, who claimed to be in psychic contact with the Nine
Dick Price and other members of the Esalen staff became increasingly
dependent on the Nine, to the point of listing them as program leaders
and members of the Esalen Gesalt Staff in brochures.
In the 1970's, Mike Murphy became interested in Russian
parapsychology, and visited the country to meet experimenters in this
field. This led to a close connection between Esalen and some Russian
officials, who set up an exchange program. Lasting into the 1980's, this
exchange was dubbed "hot-tub diplomacy". John Mack was
reportedly involved in this exchange. Esalen also held seminars in
quantum physics, and was the birthplace of the Physics/Consciousness
Research Group. Other individuals who have come to lead seminars at
Esalen at one time or another include Carlos Castenda, Dutch psychic
Peter Hurkos, (trunk murderer, fugitive and Earth Day founder) Ira
Einhorn, Rollo May, Jack Sarfatti, John Lilly, Terrance McKenna, Ian
Wickramasekera, and Charles Tart. Werner Erhard was also close with
Michael Murphy and Esalen.
In February, 1979, Lilly attended an LSD reunion party, hosted by
Dr. Oscar Janiger, along with Laura Huxley, Sidney Cohn, Willis Harman,
Alfred Hubbard, and Timothy Leary, among others. Huxley was turned on to
mescaline by Dr. Humphrey Osmond, who in turn was introduced to the drug
by Alfred Hubbard. Hubbard personally guided Huxley through his second
mescaline trip and his first experience with LSD.
In 1979 Mark Satin's New Age Politics book was
published by Delta with the back jacket comment of the Toronto Star:
"He's already miles ahead of the academics and intellectuals who
cling to the Marxist vision." Satin prefers to work for a
"planetary guidance system" as opposed to
"a world
government". His guidance system would
"regulate
society, not organize it."
In his 1980 book, Cosmos, Carl Sagan wrote:
"Every nation seems to have its set of forbidden possibilities,
which its citizenry and adherents must not be permitted to think about .
. . in the United States, socialism, atheism, and the surrender of
national sovereignty."
In 1980 Alvin Toffler discussed an
"emerging globalist
ideology" in The Third Wave: "This consciousness is
shared by multinational executives, long-haired environmental
campaigners, financiers, revolutionaries, intellectuals, poets, and
painters, not to mention members of the Trilateral Commission. I have
even had a famous four-star general assure me that 'the nation-state is
dead.' Globalism presents itself as more than an ideology serving the
interests of a limited group. Precisely as nationalism claimed to speak
for the whole nation, globalism claims to speak for the whole world. And
its appearance is seen as an evolutionary necessity -- a step closer to
a 'cosmic consciousness' that would embrace the heavens as well."
In 1980 Marilyn Ferguson described the New Age consciousness
revolution "The Aquarian Conspiracy represents the Now What. We
have to move into the unknown: The known has failed us too completely.
Taking a broader view of history and a deeper measure of nature, The
Aquarian Conspiracy is a different kind of Revolution, with different
revolutionaries. It looks to the turnabout in consciousness of a
critical number of individuals, enough to bring a renewal of society."
The New Age was boosted to a global movement by Marilyn Ferguson's book
-- considered to be "The New Age Bible." It promotes
reincarnation as a pillar of the New Age belief system, giving it modern
day credibility. Ferguson's book, furthering the worldview of a
"new society," soon became a text in college courses, and was
published in eight countries in ten translations. Of the responses
obtained by Marilyn Ferguson, the individual most often named as
influential by Aquarian Conspirators was Pierre Teilhard de Chardin who
wrote in 1931: "The only way forward is in the direction of a
common passion, a conspiracy." Aldous Huxley was named second,
followed by Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow Aldous Huxley believed that the
U.S. religious revival would begin with drugs -- not evangelists. He
pointed out that even temporary self-transcendence would shake the
entire society to its rational roots: "Although these new
mind-changers may start by being something of an embarrassment, they
will tend in the long run to deepen the spiritual life of the
communities . . ." He predicted the impact on religion:
"From being an activity concerned mainly with symbols, religion will be
transformed into an activity concerned mainly with experience and
intuition -- an everyday mysticism."
Willis Harman's "Changing Images of Man" has been
too technical for most so the service of Marilyn Ferguson was obtained
to make it more easily understood. "The Age of Aquarius"
heralded nude stage shows and a song which made the top of the charts:
"The Dawning of the Age of the Aquarius" swept the
globe. Many current Evangelical leaders will be well-suited for
leadership in the global church/state alliance. They are already
Politicians of the Radical Center as described by Marilyn Ferguson:
". . . they don't take strident positions. Their high tolerance of
ambiguity and their willingness to change their minds leave them open to
accusations of being arbitrary, inconsistent, uncertain or even
devious."
On April 25, 1982, New Age leader Benjamin Creme said:
"What is the Plan? It includes the installation of a new world
government and a new world religion under Maitreia." On April
25, 1982, full-page newspaper display ads in some 20 major cities
trumpeted: "THE CHRIST IS NOW HERE." Towards the end of
the ad it read: "WITHOUT JUSTICE THERE CAN BE NO PEACE."
This was virtually the exact militant phrase heard on TV coverage of the
L.A. riots: "No Justice, No Peace!"
In 1983 Esalen sponsored a Soviet-American satellite linkup with
cooperation of the Soviets and the Academy of Sciences.
Forty years after his discovery of the soul-manifesting effects of
LSD, Hofmann traveled to the UC campus at Santa Barbara for a
psychedelic conference where he described what he had learned. The
following day, May 15, 1983 at the Lhasa Club in Los Angeles, he joined
Oscar Janiger, Laura Huxley, John Kramer, Ron Siegel and other
psychedelic researchers at a "Caucus for the Restoration of LSD
as a Scientific Tool."
In 1984, the United States withdrew its membership in UNESCO. In
1984 O'Brien explained to Smith: "We have cut the links between
child and parent . . ."
In the mid-1980s, a lecture series by the late Joseph Campbell
promoted the idea of the wisdom of primitive myths to more than 100
million people worldwide. He said the cult of Osiris-Isis was as valid
as the Christ "myth."
In 1985 Norman Cousins stated:
"World government is
coming, in fact, it is inevitable."
Nostradamos [sic] foretold that after the last battle the Grand Monarque
of "Trogan blood and Germanic heart" (King of Blois and
Belgic) will rise and reign from Avignon -- ancient city of Cathars and
Popes -- watched over by the Black Virgin. Before 1999 he will restore
the church to "pristine pre-eminence" through Rome. The
Barque of St. Peter will be destroyed. Nostradamus has been termed a
propagandist for the Merovingians. His parents, converted Jews, adopted
a masculine form of Our Lady as their name.
America's legal and education elites have replaced the Western
Christian tradition with a humanistic system that holds: 1) There is no
transcendent, personal God, 2) Both the world and man result from
evolutionary forces, which continue to direct them, 3) Societal
institutions such as family and civil law have no theistic origins, 4)
Theistically ordained absolute standards do not exist for the guidance
of either individuals or institutions, 5) The Bible is false and useless
as a source of guidance for man in his attempt to progress and 6) Man's
self-effort is the primary, if not sole, tool available to him in his
attempt to progress.
In 1987 Texe Marrs outlined 13 key characteristics of the New Age:
1) A One World Religion, Political and Social order; 2) Revival of the
Babylon religion (mystery cults, sorcery, occultism and immorality); 3)
A New Age Messiah; 4) Spirit Guides, 5) The rallying cries of World
Peace, Love and Unity; 6) New Age teachings spread around the globe at
all levels of society; 7) Spread of the apostasy that Jesus is neither
God nor the Christ; 8) All religions as a part of the New World
Religion; 9) Discrediting and abandonment of Christian principles; 10)
Children seduced and indoctrinated into New Age dogma; 11) Flattery
being use to entice the world to believe that man is Divine God; 12)
Science and the New World Religion will become one; 13) Elimination of
Christians will resist the Plan. The New Age has nine doctrinal
corner-stones: 1) Eastern mysticism; 2) Mind control through psychology;
3) Mystery cosmic teachings; 4) The worship of science as revelation; 5)
Instaneous Evolution; 6) Hedonism; 7) Pantheism; 8) Selfism; 9)
Leadership by spiritually superior beings.
In 1987 Christopher Hyatt, head of the Order of the Golden Dawn,
said in an interview: "The Guards of the Ancient era . . . the
ones dying right now . . . are not willing to give up their authority so
easily. I foresee, on a mass scale, that the New Age is not going to
come into being as so many people believe and wish to believe. I see it
as requiring a heck of a lot of blood, disruption, chaos, and pain for a
mass change to occur." James Shelby Downard looked forward to
the time beyond Must Be, to the era which will witness
the return of could be. After the coming cataclysmic chastisement has
run its cleansing course, we will once again wish upon a star and dream
a destiny free of the Masonic chain that at present binds our nation as
tightly as the hangman's rope once bound the rotted cadavers on Tyburn
Tree. Barbara Marx Hubbard, in The Book of Co-Creation
wrote: "Out of the full spectrum of human personality,
one-fourth is electing to transcend . . . One-fourth is destructive
[and] they are defective seeds. In the past they were permitted to die a
'natural death.' . . . Now as we approach the quantum shift from the
creature-human to the co-creative human -- the human who is an inheritor
of god-like powers -- the destructive one-fourth must be eliminated from
the social body . . . Fortunately, you are not responsible for this act.
We are. We are in charge of God's selection process for planet Earth. He
selects, we destroy. We are the riders of the pale horse, Death."
In 1987 Esalen celebrated its 25th anniversary. Among the
innovative thinkers named as shaping its major principles was Aldous
Huxley, Alan Watts, Arnold Toynbee, Fritz Perls, B.F. Skinner, and James
Pike (an Episcopal Bishop).
Environmental curricula and children's ecology books echo those
scary scenarios envisioned by the "extreme activists."
Many blame parents for exaggerated global problems.
"They may
deny it," says Captain Eco, the high flying superhero of a large
picture book called Captain Eco and the Fate of the Earth,
"but
. . . they're stealing your future from under your noses."
Captain Eco takes two children on a tour of the damaged earth. After
showing them all the familiar abuses in the worst possible light, the
captain points them to the final mega-problem:
"and that's YOU.""We're not that bad, are we?" they respond.
"Not
you personally, but the whole human race. There are so many of you . . .
Either you go on . . . polluting all over the planet . . . Or you can
work toward a better world . . . Will you help me?"
Following the death of his wife, Howard O'Brien decided to move
the family to Richardson, a town in Dallas County in northeastern Texas,
a transition that Rice has likened to "stepping through TV to
the world of America we had seen from afar." And indeed Anne
Rice seemed to have led a far more conventional life in Texas than she
had in Louisiana. At Richardson High School she was the features editor
on the student newspaper, and, after her graduation in about 1959, she
entered Texas Woman's University, in Denton (according to another
source, she attended North Texas State University, also located in
Denton), where she joined the ranks of those young people who were
questioning traditional religious and societal values.
"I
remember walking into Voertman's bookstore and seeing all those racks of
books," she recalled during an interview with Stewart Kellerman
for the New York Times (November 7, 1988).
"All this stuff I
wasn't supposed to read as a Catholic. Aldous Huxley, Jean-Paul Sartre,
Albert Camus. I had to know what was in those books."
Stanford environmentalist Stephen Schneider said:
"We'd
like to see the world a better place . . . to get some broad-based
support, to capture the public's imagination. That, of course, entails
getting loads of media coverage. So we have to offer up scary scenarios,
make simplified, dramatic statements and make little mention of any
doubts we might have . . . Each of us has to decide what the right
balance is between being effective and being honest."
The teachings of
Jiddhu Krishnamurti can be found in books, films,
university courses, workshops, progressive schools that he started, and
a dynamic foundation that bears his name. As of 1990, his works have
been translated into forty-seven languages, including Swahili; though
them his influence is felt worldwide. His ideas, which revolved around
the centrality of individual consciousness free from the programmed
filters of religion and culture, attracted people as varied as George
Bernard Shaw, Greta Garbo, Bertrand Russell, Aldous Huxley, Joseph
Campbell, Albert Einstein, Alan Watts, Jackson Pollack, Anne Morrow
Lindbergh, Christopher Isherwood, and Charlie Chaplin.
In 1990, Bruce began meeting with a student organization at
Stanford University called Higher Consciousness. After presenting
himself and sitting in on presentations by Stanley Krippner, Nina Graboi,
Dennis McKenna and others, Bruce and the leaders of Higher Consciousness
planned and put on a major conference, "The Bridge: Linking the
Past, Present and Future of Psychedelics." Keynoters were
Timothy Leary and Terence Mckenna, and John Lilly, Howard Reingold,
Robert Anton Wilson, Francis Huxley (nephew of Aldous), Stanley Krippner,
Stephen Gaskin, and Arthur Hastings were among the 60 presenters. After
the conclusion of this 1991 conference, Bruce planned his next event,
Bicycle Day, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the discovery of LSD in
1993. Bicycle Day was the name Bruce gave to the
"50th
Anniversary of the discovery of LSD," and Bruce in collaboration
with Rick Doblin of MAPS and a student organization at his old
almamatter, UC Santa Cruz, put on a celebration in the school's
Performing Arts theater. Sharing the podium with Bruce and Rick Doblin
was Oscar Janiger, founder of the Albert Hofmann foundation. Videos of
Humphry Osmond, Albert Hofmann and Ken Kesey were shown, and also
re-enactment of the last LSD trip of Aldous Huxley was performed by
Laura and Francis Huxley.
The crisis of environmentalism has been developed as a means to
bring about a one-world government: "Through a skillful wedding
of socialism, New Age Pantheism and a manufactured climate of despair
over a 'dying planet', these powerful individuals (David Rockefeller and
Edmund de Rothschild) are creating a climate of fear which will see
mankind not only accept, but demand, a one-world government to deliver
us from environmental apocalypse. This one-world government will, of
course, be the capstone of their planned New World Order. "In searching
for a new enemy to unite us, we came up with the idea that pollution,
the threat of global warming, water shortages, famine and the like would
fit the bill," declared members of the Club of Rome in a
sweeping 1991 report on global governance.
"All these dangers
are caused by human intervention . . . The real enemy, then, is humanity
itself."
In the Summer of 1991 Tal Brooke quoted Brock
Chisholm, director of
the UN World Health Organization in SCP Journal:
"To achieve
world government, it is necessary to remove from the minds of men their
individualism, loyalty to family traditions, national patriotism, and
religious dogmas."
On May 4, 1992, Gorbachev received the first Ronald Reagan Freedom
award from Reagan at the former president's presidential library in Simi
Valley. Two days later Gorbachev made a speech in Fulton, Missouri at
Westminister College calling for a greatly strengthened UN and a new
"global government" for a multipolar world. In mid-1992,
Mikhail Gorbachev was sponsored in his U.S. trip by the Esalen
Institute. The institute has long called for the creation of a Council
of Wise Persons (Brain Trust). While on his tour, Gorby took time out
for a private meeting with Henry Kissinger. Gorbachev, on May 6, 1992,
went to Fulton, Missouri (the site of Winston Churchill's
"Iron
Curtain" speech) to call for the creation of a new
"global government." He also denounced
"exaggerated
nationalism" while calling for a
"global international
security system." The worst of the dangers, said the former
President of the Soviet Union, is ecological. He listed
"global
climatic shifts, the greenhouse effect, the ozone hole, acid rain,
contamination of the atmosphere, soil and water by industrial and
household waste, the destruction of forests . . ." He praised
the Club of Rome as "authoritative." This is the
organization that wants to limit the earth's birth rate and redistribute
the world's wealth. "However, I believe that the new world order
will not be fully realized unless the United Nations and its Security
Council create structures, taking into consideration existing United
Nations and regional structures, which are authorized to impose
sanctions and make use of other measures of compulsion, especially when
the rights of minority groups are being particularly violated."
On May 8, 1992, Gorbachev told the Chicago CFR that:
"The New
World Order means a new kind of civilization." Gorbachev wants
the UN to set up a "Brain Trust" of the world's elite to
"push global politics toward detente." This would
include "Nobel Laureates, diplomats and churchmen." In early May, 1992,
UN Secretary -- General Ghali told a meeting of the American Association
of Newspaper Publishers that a permanent UN military force was needed to
"protect the peace" and
"ensure human rights"
and intervene "at the local and community levels."
Al Gore, who wrote a book to spread a similar message, said,
"We must make rescue of the environment the central organizing
principle for civilization." In Earth in the Balance, he calls
for a "worldwide education program" and a
"panreligious
perspective" based on "the wisdom distilled by all
faiths."
In 1993, Vice President Al Gore also established the National
Religious Partnership for the Environment -- with its offices also
located at the Cathedral. The Partnership is composed of the U.S.
Catholic Conference, the National Council of Churches, the Evangelical
Environmental Network, and the Consultation of Jewish Life and the
Environment -- and has received a multimillion-dollar commitment from
The Rockefeller Foundation and others to fund a major
ecumenical/eco-spiritual broadside aimed at churchgoers. Every Roman
Catholic Church in America will soon be the object of ruling class
largesse. Laurence Rockefeller is also said to have assisted the
publication of The Coming of the Cosmic Christ by former
Dominican priest turned New Age Episcopalian Matthew Fox.
In January 1993 CBS featured an hour on the comeback of LSD. A
week or two later, fashion reports said the sixties/seventies look was
back -- including bell bottoms and dresses exposing the belly. Richard
M. Cohen, Senior Producer of CBS political news, has said:
"We're going to impose our agenda on the coverage by dealing with issues
and subjects that we choose to deal with."
Lyndon LaRouche is a big booster of ecumenicism; curiously, both
LaRouche and the Masonic-Theosophist
organization World Goodwill have
recently been singing the praises of a 15th century Catholic
ecumenicist, Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa. In this climate, even Herbert
"British-Israel" Armstrong's Worldwide Church of God has reversed its
course, and its offending doctrines as well, to become properly
ecumenical --- certainly a telling point!
Ram Dass gave a three-hour talk in 1994 at the
"Celebration Of the Birth Centenary of Aldous Huxley." It ended
with an ecstatic Dance of Shiva on stage with Laura Huxley and Tai Ji
Master Chungliang Al Huang while the section of
Island
was read aloud.
The second aeon, said Crowley, the tutor of the young Aldous
Huxley, was that of Osiris, the father. This period
"was
characterized by patriarchial religions such as Judaism, Buddhism, Islam
and Christianity." Aleister Crowley wrote that in the initiation
for the new age "the whole planet must be bathed in blood . . .
This bloody sacrifice is the critical point of the World Ceremony . . ."
He worshiped the goddess as "Our Lady Babylon." "The Great Whore
(was) an ancient epithet for the Goddess." Alice Bailey wrote
that the Moon was now a dead thought form which will crumble in the near
future. Gurdjieff disagreed, He believed it was a plant waiting to be
born, and it is coming to life by devouring human of death. Isis (the
"Star of the Sea") was the Egyptian goddess of
fertility. She was represented as standing on the crescent moon with
stars surrounding her head. This Isis thing is more extensive than one
might think -- figures quite prominently in the British circles. Here
too with A. Huxley. Jonathan Cott, in Isis and Osiris: Exploring the
Goddess Myth (Doubleday 1994) said in his Acknowledgments:
"I am
inestimably grateful to my editor, Jacqueline Onassis, for guiding me
through the realms of Isis and Osiris . . ." in Isis and Osiris
(the book Jackie Onassis supervised just before her death) a group
called Ammonites is prominent and in fear of persecution. The chief God
of the Ammonites was Milcom.
A Professor Elletson proposed that the Satanic money power seeks
to spiritually and genetically destroy the culture and civilizations of
Aryan, Indo-European or Western Man. Arnold Toynbee admitted that an
original or "Aryan" or
"Indo-European"
language preceded all other languages. H.G. Wells said that those who
were of Aryan dissent thought alike. The former was a high officer in
British Intelligence while the latter was a Fabian. Albert Pike is
quoted by Elletson on Aryanism. Pike was a student of Sanskrit (which he
learned later in life).
Gorby forum attendee Willis Harman, New Age philosopher, president
of the Institute of Noetic Sciences, and author of Global Mind Change
and The New Metaphysical Foundation of Modern Science, has had a
profound effect on our society in the past couple of decades. In
"Our Hopeful Future: Creating a Sustainable Society," one of
his new essays, Harman reported: "Around the world one detects
murmurings that industrialized and 'developing' countries alike have a
need for a new social order -- that, in fact, the situation calls for a
worldwide systemic change." "In the economy-dominated world, as
anthropologist Margaret Mead once put it bluntly, 'the unadorned truth
is that we do not need now, and will not need later, much of the
marginal labor -- the very young, the very old, the very uneducated, and
the very stupid.'" "This dilemma is perhaps the most basic one we face,"
said Harman. Society can't afford "from an environmental
standpoint, or from the standpoint of tearing apart of the social fabric
-- the economic growth that would be necessary to provide jobs for all
in the conventional sense, and the inequities which have come to
accompany that growth. This dilemma, more than any other aspect of our
current situation, indicates how fundamental a system change is now
required." David C. Korten is a disciple of Harman.
The Royal Institute of International Affairs used the life-time
work of Aldous Huxley and Bulwer-Lytton as its blueprint to bring about
a state where mankind will no longer have wills of their own in the One
World Government-New World Order of the fast-approaching New Dark Age.
Huxley said: "In many societies at many levels of civilization,
attempts have been made to fuse drug intoxication with God intoxication.
In ancient Greece, for example, ethyl alcohol had its place in the
established religions. Dionysus, Bacchus, as he was often called, was a
true divinity. Complete prohibition of chemical changes can be decreed
but cannot be enforced."
So much of what 'man' has thought and done has, as we have just
read, been folly. However, God, Whom these 'intellectuals' have left out
of the equation, promised us a prophet and a way to escape the
destruction being wrought by such carnal men (Malachi 4:5-6; Revelation
10:7). That prophet was William Branham (1909-1965). His ministry is
reported on Bible Believer's web Site.
References:
Marilyn Ferguson, The Aquarian Conspiracy (Los
Angeles: J.P. Archer, 1980), p.19.
Paul Ghalioungui, The House of Life: Magic and
Medica' Science in Ancient Egypt (New York: Schram
Enterprises, 1974).
Arnold Toynbee, A Study of History (New York:
Oxford University Press, 1935).
Martin Green, Children of the Sun: A Narrative
of Decadence in England after 1918 (New York: Basic
Books, 1976).
See Ronald William Clark, The Huxleys (New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1968).
H.G. Wells, Anticipations of the Reaction of
Mechanical and Scientific Progress Upon Human Life
and Thought (New York: Harper and Row, 1902), p.285.
Helena P. Blavatsky, Isis Unveiled, A Master Key
to the Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science and
Theology (Los Angeles: Theosophy Co., 1931).
Francis King, Sexuality, Magic and Perversion
(New York: Citadel, 1974), p.118.
Ferguson, Aquarian Conspiracy, p. 126n.
Institute for Policy Studies, "The First Ten
Years, 1963-1973," Washington, D.C., 1974.
Humphrey Osmund, Understanding Understanding
(New York: Harper and Row, 1974).
Rand Corporation Catalogue of Documents.
Gregory Bateson, Steps to the Ecology of the
Mind (New York: Chandler, 1972).
Ralph Metzner, The Ecstatic Adventure (New York:
Macmillan, 1968).
See Clark, The Huxleys.
Michael Minnicino, "Low Intensity Operations:
The Reesian Theory of War," The Campaigner (April
1974).
Theodor Adorno was a leading professor of the
Frankfurt School of Social Research in Germany,
founded by the British Fabian Society. A
collaborator of twelve-tone formalist and British
intelligence operative Arnold Schoenberg, Adorno was
brought to the United States in 1939 to head the
Princeton Radio Research Project. The aim of this
project, as stated in Adorno's Introduction to the
Sociology of Music, was to program a mass "musical"
culture that would steadily degrade its consumers.
Punk rock is, in the most direct sense, the ultimate
result of Adorno's work.
Theodor Adorno, Introduction to the Sociology of
Music (New York: Seabury Press, 1976).
Paul Hirsch, "The Structure of the Popular Music
Industry; The Filtering Process by which Records are
Preselected for Public Consumption," Institute for
Social Research's Survey Research Center Monograph,
1969.
Ronald Clark, The Life of Bertrand Russell (New
York: Alfred Knopf, 1976), p.457.
Illinois Crime Commission Report, 1969. The
Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) was established
in 1963 by Marcus Raskin, a former National Security
Adviser under NSC Director McGeorge Bundy, and by
Richard Barnet, a former State Department adviser on
arms control and disarmament. Among the board of
trustees of IPS were Thurmond Arnold, James Warburg,
Philip Stern, and Hans Morgenthau, with seed money
from the Ford Foundation (later to be headed by
McGeorge Bundy). IPS has functioned as the "New
left" think tank and control center for local
community control, community health centers, and
direct terrorist organizations. In its report "The
First Ten Years," the Institute lists among its
lecturers and fellows, members of the Weathermen
group, and known associates of the Japanese Red
Army, the Puerto Rican terrorist Armed Forces of
National Liberation (FALN), and the Black Liberation
Army. See also Carter and the Party of international
Terrorism, Special Report by the U.S. Labor Party,
August, 1976.
Ferguson, Aquarian Conspiracy, p.24.
Criton Zoakos et al., Stamp Out the Aquarian
Conspiracy, Citizens for LaRouche monograph, New
York, 1980, pp. 60-63.
Ibid.
Ibid., pp. 10-12.
Mary Jo Warth, "The Story of Acid Profiteers,"
Village Voice, August 22, 1974.
thought again about the
peculiar form of this movement; its atypical leadership, the patient
intensity of its adherents, their unlikely successes. It suddenly struck
me that in their sharing of strategies, their linkage, and their
recognition of each other by subtle signals, the participants were not
merely cooperating with one another. They were in collusion. It -- this
movement -- is a conspiracy!"1
intelligence during
World War I and the spiritual grandfather of the Aquarian Conspiracy.
Ferguson accurately sees the counterculture as the realization of what
Wells called The Open Conspiracy: Blue Prints for a World
Revolution. The "Open Conspiracy," Wells wrote,
"will appear first, I believe, as a conscious organization of
intelligent and quite possibly in some cases, wealthy men, as a movement
having distinct social and political aims, confessedly ignoring most of
the existing apparatus of political control, or using it only as an
incidental implement in the stages, a mere movement of a number of
people in a certain direction who will presently discover with a sort of
surprise the common object toward which they are all moving . . . In all
sorts of ways they will be influencing and controlling the apparatus of
the ostensible government."6
circle that developed in
Britain from the 1860s under the guiding influence of Edward
Bulwer-Lytton -- who, it will be recalled, was the colonial minister
under Lord Palmerston during the Second Opium War. In 1886, Crowley,
William Butler Yeats, and several other Bulwer-Lytton proteges formed
the Isis-Urania Temple of Hermetic Students of the Golden Dawn. This
Isis Cult was organized around the 1877 manuscript Isis Unveiled by
Madame Helena Blavatsky, in which the Russian occultist called for the
British aristocracy to organize itself into an Isis priesthood.7
Kesey. By 1962, Kesey had
completed a novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest,
which popularized the notion that society is a prison and the only truly
"free" people are the insane.15 
"mind-expanding" drugs
are valuable tools of psychoanalysis. In 1967, Tavistock sponsored a
Conference on the "Dialectics of Liberation," chaired by
Tavistock psychoanalyst Dr. R.D. Laing, himself a popularized author and
advocate of drug use. That conference drew a number of people who would
soon play a prominent role in fostering terrorism; Angela Davis and
Stokely Carmichael were two prominent American delegates. 
1939 to head the Princeton
University Radio Research Project.17 Adorno writes:
"In an
imaginary but psychologically emotion-laden domain, the listener who
remembers a hit song will turn into the song's ideal subject, into the
person for whom the song ideally speaks. At the same time, as one of
many who identify with that fictitious subject, that musical I, he will
feel his isolation ease as he himself feels integrated into the
community of "fans." In whistling such a song he bows to a ritual of
socialization, although beyond this unarticulated subjective stirring of
the moment his isolation continues unchanged . . . The comparison with
addiction is inescapable. Addicted conduct generally has a social
component: it is one possible reaction to the atomization which, as
sociologists have noticed, parallels the compression of the social
network. Addiction to music on the part of a number of entertainment
listeners would be a similar phenomenon."18
Under Kennedy, American military involvement in Vietnam -- which
had been vetoed by the Eisenhower administration -- was initiated on a
limited scale. Under Lyndon Johnson, American military presence in
Vietnam was massively escalated, at the same time that U.S. efforts were
restricted -- the framework of "limited war." Playing on the President's
profile, the anglophile Eastern Establishment, typified by top White
House national security aide McGeorge Bundy and Defense Secretary Robert
McNamara, convinced President Johnson that under the nuclear "balance of
terror," or the regime of Mutual and Assured Destruction, the United
States could afford neither a political solution to the conflict, nor
the commitment to a military victory. 
organization World Goodwill have
recently been singing the praises of a 15th century Catholic
ecumenicist, Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa. In this climate, even Herbert
"British-Israel" Armstrong's Worldwide Church of God has reversed its
course, and its offending doctrines as well, to become properly
ecumenical --- certainly a telling point! 